{"id":1313,"date":"2016-04-26T19:29:25","date_gmt":"2016-04-26T18:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/?page_id=1313"},"modified":"2018-09-19T12:15:23","modified_gmt":"2018-09-19T11:15:23","slug":"18th-of-september","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/18th-of-september\/","title":{"rendered":"18th of September"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- swimbi code start --><\/p>\n<div id=\"swimbi\">\n<ul>\n<li><a>Jan<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of January\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-january\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-january\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-january\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-january\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-january\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-january\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-january\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-january\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-january\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-january\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-january\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-january\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of January: Innovation, and Political Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-january\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-january\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-january\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-january\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-january\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-january\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-january\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-january\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of January\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-january\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-january\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-january\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-january\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of January: A Day of Revolution, Culture, &#038; Enduring Influence\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-january\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of January: A Day of National Pride and Revolutionary Ideas\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-january\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of January: A Day of Memory, Music, and Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-january\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of January: A Day of Triumphs, Tragedies, and Technolagy\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-january\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of January: A Day of Innovation and Literature\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-january\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of January: A Day of Assassinations and Empires\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-january\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of January: A Day of Firsts and Farewells\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-january\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Feb<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of February: A Day of Firsts and Freedom\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-february\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-february\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-february\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of February &#8211; politics, social change &#038; independence\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-february\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of February &#8211; Exploration, Identity, Culture, and Change\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-february\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-february\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-february\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-february\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-february\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-february\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-february\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-february\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-february\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-february\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-february\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-february\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-february\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-february\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-february\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-february\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of February\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-february\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-february\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-february\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-february\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-february\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-february\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-february\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-february\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-february\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Mar<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of March\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-march\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-march\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-march\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-march\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of march\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-march\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-march\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-march\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-march\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-march\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-march\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-march\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-march\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-march\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-march\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-march\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-march\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-march\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-march\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-march\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of March\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-march\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-march\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-march\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-march\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-march\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-march\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-march\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-march\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-march\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-march\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of March\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-march\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Apr<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of April\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-april\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-april\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-april\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-april\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-april\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-april\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-april\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-april\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-april\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-april\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-april\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-april\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-april\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-april\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-april\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-april\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-april\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-april\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-april\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-april\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of April\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-april\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-april\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-april\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-april\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-april\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-april\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-april\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-april\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-april\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-april\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>May<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of May\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-may\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-may\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-may\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-may\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-may\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-may\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-may\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-may\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-may\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-may\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-may\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-may\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-may\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-may\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-may\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-may\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-may\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-may\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-may\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-may\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of May\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-may\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-may\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-may\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-may\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-may\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-may\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-may\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-may\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-may\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-may\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of May\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-may\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Jun<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of June\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-june\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-june\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-june\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-june\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-june\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-june\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-june\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-june\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-june\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-june\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-june\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-june\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-june\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-june\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-june\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-june\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-june\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-june\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-june\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-june\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of June\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-june\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-june\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-june\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-june\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-june\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-june\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-june\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-june\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-june\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-june\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Jul<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of July: Confederation and Conflict\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-july\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of July: Independence and Disappearances\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-july\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of July: Battles and Breakthroughs\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-july\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of July: Independence and Invention\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-july\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of July: Independence Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-july\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of July: Faith and Freedom\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-july\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of July: Art, Sport, and Science\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-july\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of July: : Explorers, Revolutionaries, and Scientific Frontiers\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-july\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of July: A Day of Independence and Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-july\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of July: A Day of Battles, Discoveries, and Global Firsts\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-july\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of July: A Day of Progress, Triumph, and Reflection\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-july\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of July: A Day of Revolution and Discovery\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-july\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of July: Sport and Cultural Landmarks\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-july\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of July: Revolution, Liberty, and Cultural Celebrations\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-july\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of July: A Day of Intrigue, Innovation, and Independence\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-july\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of July: A day of ambition, revolution, and remembrance\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-july\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of July: A Day of Progress, Triumph, and Reflection\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-july\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of July\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-july\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"July 19th: On This Day in History, Culture, and Time\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-july\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of July\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-july\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of July: Echoes of Fire and Footsteps on the Moon\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-july\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of July: A Day of Discovery, Reflection, and Celebration\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-july\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of July: A Day of Revolutions, Royalty, and Resilience\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-july\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of July: Discovery, Diplomacy, and Drama\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-july\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of July: Triumphs, Traditions, and Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-july\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of July: Power Shifts, Pioneers, and Cultural Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-july\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of July: Triumphs, Tragedies, and Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-july\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of July: From Empires to Epidemics\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-july\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of July: From Royal Weddings to Scientific Revolutions\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-july\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of July: A Day of Rights, Royals, and Revolutionary Ideas\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-july\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of July: From Milestones in Space to Shifts in Empire\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-july\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Aug<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of August: A Date of Firsts, Freedoms, and Frontiers\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-august\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of August: Turning Points in History, Power, &#038; Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-august\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of August: Voyages, Invasions, and Inventions\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-august\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of August: Empires, Espionage, and Epic Discoveries\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-august\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of August: Rebellions and Discoveries\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-august\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of August: Hiroshima, Inventions, and Political Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-august\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of August: Explorations, Inventions, and Independence\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-august\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of August: A Day of Revolution, Resilience, and Reflection\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-august\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of August: A Day of Memory, Resistance, and Global Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-august\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of August: Turning Points in Empire, Art, and Human Rights\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-august\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of August: A Day of Independence, Exploration, and Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-august\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of August: Discoveries, Leadership, and Global Awareness\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-august\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of August: From Revolutionary Shifts to Tech Breakthroughs\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-august\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of August \u2013  Independence, Innovation, and Remembrance\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-august\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of August: Historical Events, Calendars, and Traditions\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-august\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-august\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-august\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-august\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-august\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-august\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-august\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-august\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of August\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-august\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of August\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-august\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-august\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of August: Historical Events, and Traditions Around the World\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-august\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of August: A Day in History, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-august\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-august\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of August: Traditions &#038; Turning Points in History\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-august\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of August: On This Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-august\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of August: A Day in History \u2013 Events, Traditions, and Fun Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-august\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Sep<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of September: Time, Traditions &#038; Turning Points in History\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-september\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of September: Events, Traditions, and Timelines\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-september\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of September\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-september\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of September: A Day of Historic Turning Points, and Traditions\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-september\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-september\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and World Events\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-september\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-september\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-september\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-september\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-september\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-september\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-september\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-september\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-september\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-september\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-september\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-september\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-september\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-september\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-september\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of September\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-september\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of September\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-september\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of September\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-september\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-september\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-september\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-september\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-september\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-september\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-september\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-september\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Oct<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of October\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-october\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of October\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-october\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of October\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-october\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-october\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-october\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-october\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-october\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-october\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-october\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-october\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-october\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-october\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-october\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-october\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-october\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-october\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of October: Discovery, Courage, and Global Change\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-october\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of October: A Day of Calendar, Tradition &#038; History on Earth\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-october\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of October: Surrenders, Discoveries, and New Beginnings\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-october\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of October: Exploration, Courage, and Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-october\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of October: Triumph, Innovation, and Global Change\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-october\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of October &#8211; Exploration, Discovery, and Defiance\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-october\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of October \u2013 Discovery, Diplomacy, and Drama Through History\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-october\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of October: Triumphs, Discoveries, and Global Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-october\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of October: Triumphs, Discovery, and Global Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-october\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-october\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-october\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-october\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-october\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-october\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of October\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-october\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Nov<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of November\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-november\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-november\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-november\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-november\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-november\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-november\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-november\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-november\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-november\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-november\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-november\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-november\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-november\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-november\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-november\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-november\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-november\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-november\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-november\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-november\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of November\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-november\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-november\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-november\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-november\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-november\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-november\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-november\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-november\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-november\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-november\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Dec<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of December\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-december\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-december\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-december\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-december\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-december\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-december\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-december\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-december\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-december\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-december\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-december\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-december\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-december\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-december\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-december\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-december\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-december\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-december\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-december\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-december\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of December\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-december\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-december\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-december\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-december\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-december\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-december\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-december\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-december\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-december\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-december\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of December\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-december\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><script src=\"js\/swimbi.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- swimbi code end --><\/p>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><a title=\"On This Day &#8211; Historical Events\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/on-this-day\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/Images\/calender days\/Sep18.png\" alt=\"September 18\" width=\"274\" height=\"252\" hspace=\"12\" border=\"0\" align=\"left\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent:36.0pt;\"><strong><span style=\"line-height:115%; font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">In  1812 The Fire of Moscow had burnt out after destroying &frac34; of the city.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">On the 21<sup>st<\/sup> of  October 1805 Napoleon attempted to invade the <a title=\"United Kingdom\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/united-kingdom\/\">United Kingdom<\/a>. With a massive  combined fleet of <a title=\"Spain\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/spain\/\">Spanish<\/a> and <a title=\"France\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/france\/\">French<\/a> ships he attempted to cross the <a title=\"England\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/england\/\">English<\/a>  Channel and conquer Britain. His plan however was foiled when a smaller Royal  Navy fleet, led by Nelson, defeated Napoleons naval forces. With the Royal Navy  and new defences across the Southern English coast, a successful invasion  seemed unlikely. Having suffered several defeats in the Peninsular War (1808-1814), particularly the loss of Portugal to British and <a title=\"Portugal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/portugal\/\">Portuguese<\/a> forces  under the command of Wellington, Napoleon was eager for the United Kingdom to  broker peace with France. He hoped by preventing European trade with the  British they would be forced to start peace negotiations. However <a title=\"Russia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/russia\/\">Russia<\/a>, among  other European nations, continued to trade with the UK.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">Napoleon planned to invade  Russia and force Tsar Alexander I to stop trading with Britain. He amassed the  largest army the world had ever seen, some half a million men known as the  Grande Armee, and headed for Russia. Such a large army would require a huge  amount of food and other supplies to enable the force to keep marching.  Accompanying the Army was 9,300 wagons of supplies and including both those  carrying the wagons and used by the troops a total of 250,000 horses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">Russia had no chance of  defeating a mobile army of such magnitude but Napoleon had made a massive  mistake. Despite the huge amount of supplies Napoleon would have to defeat the  Russians quickly before supplies ran out and starvation began and Russia was a  vast country to conquer. Previously smaller armies would live off the land,  stealing or buying what they needed but this tactic would not last long on this  scale. The Russian military leader knew the difficulty feeding such a large force  would cause and he used this to his advantage. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">The retreating Russian  army began to employ the tactic of &ldquo;Scorched Earth&rdquo;. By retreating they drew  the depleting French army deeper and deeper into Russia, burning each of their  own cities to the ground as they went and leaving nothing for the French army  to use. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">Napoleon had not planned  for the Russian invasion to take so long and now winter was setting in. As the  invasion began in June the horses still had summer shoes which were useless in  the icy conditions of a Russian winter. Winter horseshoes had spikes for grip  and without them the horses would frequently break their limbs. The Grande Army  were loosing some 5,000 men a day to illness, starvation and suicide. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">The Russian army finally  turned and fought Napoleon&rsquo;s forces on the 7<sup>th<\/sup> of September, in the  town of Borodino, West of the capital. The Battle of Borodino caused the death  of between 70,000 and 100,000 soldiers and ended with another Russian  withdrawal and French semi-victory. With the Grande Armee so close to Moscow  the city was evacuated and as the retreating Russian army passed through the  city soldiers were ordered to set it alight before leaving on the 14<sup>th<\/sup> of September 1812.&nbsp; The French Grande  Armee continued onto Moscow arriving at the Kremlin on the 15<sup>th<\/sup> only  to find the capital evacuated and ablaze.&nbsp;  Napoleon retreated to the suburbs keeping a safe distance from the fire.  He and his army remained in Moscow for a month in the hope that Tsar Alexander  I would seek peace negotiations, but they never came.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:10.0pt; \">Napoleon took his  remaining forces south attempting to engage with the Russian Army once more on  the 18<sup>th<\/sup> of October. By the end of the year Napoleon had left Russia  with most of his army dead. When Russians returned to Moscow they discovered at  least &frac34; of the city destroyed by the fire and more than 12,000 bodies (many of  whom were Russian soldiers) that perished in the flames.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- \n\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/General\/Under Construction.jpg\" alt=\"Under Construction -Earth Site Education\" width=\"723\" height=\"555\" \/>\n<\/p>\n\n --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Jan 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-1313","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>18th of September - Earth Site Education<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/18th-of-september\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"18th of September - Earth Site Education\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; 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