{"id":687,"date":"2016-04-13T00:00:33","date_gmt":"2016-04-12T23:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/?page_id=687"},"modified":"2025-09-12T14:11:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T13:11:58","slug":"23rd-of-august","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/23rd-of-august\/","title":{"rendered":"23rd of August"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- swimbi code start --><\/p>\n<div id=\"swimbi\">\n<ul>\n<li><a>Jan<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of January\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-january\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-january\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-january\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-january\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-january\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-january\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-january\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-january\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-january\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-january\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-january\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-january\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of January: Innovation, and Political Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-january\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-january\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-january\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-january\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-january\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-january\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-january\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-january\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of January\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-january\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-january\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of January\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-january\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of January\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-january\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of January: A Day of Revolution, Culture, &#038; Enduring Influence\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-january\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of January: A Day of National Pride and Revolutionary Ideas\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-january\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of January: A Day of Memory, Music, and Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-january\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of January: A Day of Triumphs, Tragedies, and Technolagy\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-january\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of January: A Day of Innovation and Literature\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-january\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of January: A Day of Assassinations and Empires\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-january\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of January: A Day of Firsts and Farewells\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-january\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Feb<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of February: A Day of Firsts and Freedom\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-february\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-february\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-february\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of February &#8211; politics, social change &#038; independence\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-february\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of February &#8211; Exploration, Identity, Culture, and Change\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-february\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-february\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-february\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-february\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-february\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-february\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-february\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-february\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-february\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-february\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-february\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-february\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-february\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-february\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-february\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-february\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of February\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-february\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-february\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of February\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-february\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-february\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-february\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-february\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-february\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-february\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of February\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-february\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Mar<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of March\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-march\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-march\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-march\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-march\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of march\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-march\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-march\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-march\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-march\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-march\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-march\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-march\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-march\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-march\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-march\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-march\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-march\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-march\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-march\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-march\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of March\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-march\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-march\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of March\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-march\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-march\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-march\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-march\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-march\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-march\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-march\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of March\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-march\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of March\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-march\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Apr<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of April\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-april\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-april\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-april\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-april\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-april\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-april\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-april\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-april\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-april\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-april\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-april\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-april\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-april\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-april\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-april\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-april\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-april\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-april\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-april\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-april\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of April\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-april\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-april\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of April\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-april\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-april\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-april\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-april\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-april\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-april\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-april\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of April\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-april\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>May<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of May\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-may\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-may\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-may\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-may\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-may\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-may\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-may\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-may\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-may\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-may\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-may\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-may\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-may\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-may\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-may\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-may\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-may\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-may\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-may\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-may\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of May\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-may\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-may\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of May\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-may\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-may\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-may\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-may\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-may\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-may\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-may\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of May\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-may\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of May\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-may\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Jun<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of June\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-june\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-june\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-june\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-june\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-june\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-june\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-june\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-june\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-june\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-june\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-june\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-june\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-june\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-june\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-june\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-june\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-june\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-june\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-june\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-june\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of June\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-june\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-june\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of June\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-june\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-june\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-june\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-june\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-june\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-june\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-june\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of June\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-june\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Jul<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of July: Confederation and Conflict\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-july\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of July: Independence and Disappearances\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-july\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of July: Battles and Breakthroughs\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-july\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of July: Independence and Invention\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-july\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of July: Independence Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-july\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of July: Faith and Freedom\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-july\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of July: Art, Sport, and Science\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-july\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of July: : Explorers, Revolutionaries, and Scientific Frontiers\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-july\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of July: A Day of Independence and Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-july\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of July: A Day of Battles, Discoveries, and Global Firsts\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-july\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of July: A Day of Progress, Triumph, and Reflection\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-july\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of July: A Day of Revolution and Discovery\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-july\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of July: Sport and Cultural Landmarks\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-july\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of July: Revolution, Liberty, and Cultural Celebrations\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-july\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of July: A Day of Intrigue, Innovation, and Independence\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-july\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of July: A day of ambition, revolution, and remembrance\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-july\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of July: A Day of Progress, Triumph, and Reflection\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-july\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of July\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-july\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"July 19th: On This Day in History, Culture, and Time\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-july\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of July\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-july\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of July: Echoes of Fire and Footsteps on the Moon\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-july\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of July: A Day of Discovery, Reflection, and Celebration\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-july\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of July: A Day of Revolutions, Royalty, and Resilience\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-july\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of July: Discovery, Diplomacy, and Drama\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-july\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of July: Triumphs, Traditions, and Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-july\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of July: Power Shifts, Pioneers, and Cultural Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-july\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of July: Triumphs, Tragedies, and Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-july\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of July: From Empires to Epidemics\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-july\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of July: From Royal Weddings to Scientific Revolutions\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-july\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of July: A Day of Rights, Royals, and Revolutionary Ideas\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-july\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of July: From Milestones in Space to Shifts in Empire\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-july\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Aug<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of August: A Date of Firsts, Freedoms, and Frontiers\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-august\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of August: Turning Points in History, Power, &#038; Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-august\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of August: Voyages, Invasions, and Inventions\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-august\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of August: Empires, Espionage, and Epic Discoveries\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-august\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of August: Rebellions and Discoveries\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-august\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of August: Hiroshima, Inventions, and Political Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-august\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of August: Explorations, Inventions, and Independence\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-august\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of August: A Day of Revolution, Resilience, and Reflection\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-august\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of August: A Day of Memory, Resistance, and Global Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-august\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of August: Turning Points in Empire, Art, and Human Rights\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-august\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of August: A Day of Independence, Exploration, and Innovation\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-august\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of August: Discoveries, Leadership, and Global Awareness\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-august\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of August: From Revolutionary Shifts to Tech Breakthroughs\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-august\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of August \u2013  Independence, Innovation, and Remembrance\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-august\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of August: Historical Events, Calendars, and Traditions\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-august\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-august\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-august\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-august\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-august\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-august\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-august\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-august\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of August\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-august\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of August\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-august\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-august\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of August: Historical Events, and Traditions Around the World\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-august\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of August: A Day in History, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-august\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of August: Historical Events, Traditions, and Calendar Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-august\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of August: Traditions &#038; Turning Points in History\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-august\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of August: On This Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-august\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of August: A Day in History \u2013 Events, Traditions, and Fun Facts\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-august\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Sep<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of September: Time, Traditions &#038; Turning Points in History\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-september\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of September: Events, Traditions, and Timelines\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-september\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of September\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-september\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of September: A Day of Historic Turning Points, and Traditions\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-september\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-september\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and World Events\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-september\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-september\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-september\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-september\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-september\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-september\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-september\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-september\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of September: A Day in History, Traditions, and Events\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-september\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-september\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-september\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-september\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-september\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-september\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-september\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of September\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-september\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of September\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-september\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of September\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-september\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-september\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-september\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-september\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-september\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-september\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-september\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of September\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-september\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Oct<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of October\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-october\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of October\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-october\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of October\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-october\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-october\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-october\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-october\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-october\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-october\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-october\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-october\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-october\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-october\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-october\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-october\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-october\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-october\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of October: Discovery, Courage, and Global Change\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-october\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of October: A Day of Calendar, Tradition &#038; History on Earth\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-october\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of October: Surrenders, Discoveries, and New Beginnings\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-october\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of October: Exploration, Courage, and Turning Points\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-october\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of October: Triumph, Innovation, and Global Change\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-october\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of October &#8211; Exploration, Discovery, and Defiance\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-october\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of October \u2013 Discovery, Diplomacy, and Drama Through History\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-october\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of October: Triumphs, Discoveries, and Global Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-october\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of October: Triumphs, Discovery, and Global Milestones\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-october\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-october\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-october\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-october\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-october\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of October\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-october\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of October\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-october\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Nov<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of November\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-november\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-november\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-november\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-november\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-november\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-november\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-november\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-november\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-november\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-november\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-november\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-november\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-november\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-november\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-november\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-november\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-november\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-november\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-november\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-november\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of November\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-november\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-november\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of November\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-november\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-november\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-november\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-november\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-november\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-november\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-november\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of November\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-november\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a>Dec<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"1st of December\" href=\"\/Education\/1st-of-december\">1st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"2nd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/2nd-of-december\">2nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"3rd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/3rd-of-december\">3rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"4th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/4th-of-december\">4th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"5th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/5th-of-december\">5th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"6th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/6th-of-december\">6th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"7th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/7th-of-december\">7th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"8th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/8th-of-december\">8th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"9th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/9th-of-december\">9th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"10th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/10th-of-december\">10th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"11th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/11th-of-december\">11th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"12th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/12th-of-december\">12th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"13th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/13th-of-december\">13th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"14th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/14th-of-december\">14th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"15th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/15th-of-december\">15th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"16th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/16th-of-december\">16th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"17th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/17th-of-december\">17th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"18th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/18th-of-december\">18th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"19th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/19th-of-december\">19th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"20th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/20th-of-december\">20th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"21st of December\" href=\"\/Education\/21st-of-december\">21st<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"22nd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/22nd-of-december\">22nd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"23rd of December\" href=\"\/Education\/23rd-of-december\">23rd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"24th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/24th-of-december\">24th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"25th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/25th-of-december\">25th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"26th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/26th-of-december\">26th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"27th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/27th-of-december\">27th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"28th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/28th-of-december\">28th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"29th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/29th-of-december\">29th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"30th of December\" href=\"\/Education\/30th-of-december\">30th<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"31st of December\" href=\"\/Education\/31st-of-december\">31st<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><script src=\"js\/swimbi.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- swimbi code end --><\/p>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><a title=\"On This Day &#8211; Historical Events\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/on-this-day\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/Images\/calender days\/Aug23.png\" alt=\"Aug 23\" width=\"274\" height=\"252\" hspace=\"12\" border=\"0\" align=\"left\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;\"><strong><span style=\"line-height:115%; font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">In 1942 the Germans began their  assault on the Russian City of Stalingrad<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">On  the 22<sup>nd<\/sup> of June 1941 Hitler put &ldquo;operation Barbarossa&rdquo; into action  which was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Allied <a title=\"Germany\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/germany\/\">Germany<\/a>. The politics of  Nazi Germany and Soviet <a title=\"Russia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/russia\/\">Russia<\/a> were vastly different and Hitler was known for  his intolerance towards communism. In his autobiographical book &ldquo;Mein Kampf&rdquo;  (which he wrote while in prison in 1924 and was published the following year)  Hitler talks of his hatred of communism and his belief that the superior German  race had a destiny to conquer Russia, allowing the German race to grow. However  Germany and the Soviet Union did have some common ground. Both nation&rsquo;s  politics were opposed to the allied capitalist nations and on this basis  Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact on the 23<sup>rd<\/sup> of August 1939. The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (named after the two foreign  ministers that signed the pact) ensured that the German&rsquo;s, who were allied with  <a title=\"Japan\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/japan\/\">Japan<\/a>, would not attack Russia over the Soviet-Japanese border conflicts that  had been raging since 1932. The pact also included a secret agreement which  included carving up of the countries of <a title=\"Estonia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/estonia\/\">Estonia<\/a>, <a title=\"Finland\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/finland\/\">Finland<\/a>, <a title=\"Latvia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/latvia\/\">Latvia<\/a>, <a title=\"Lithuania\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/lithuania\/\">Lithuania<\/a>,  <a title=\"Poland\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/poland\/\">Poland<\/a> and <a title=\"Romania\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/romania\/\">Romania<\/a> for the political influence (known as &ldquo;spheres of influence&rdquo;)  of the Nazi party and Soviet Union. Germany&rsquo;s invasion of Poland, which began  on the 1<sup>st<\/sup> of September 1939, was closely followed by the Soviet  invasion which began on the 17<sup>th<\/sup> of September. One week later, on  the 24<sup>th<\/sup> of September 1939, the Soviet Navy began patrolling the  Estonian shores pressuring their government to allow Soviet military bases in  Estonia. The Soviets then forced Latvia to sign a treaty on the 5<sup>th<\/sup> of October 1939 forcing them to allow military bases in their country. On the  10<sup>th<\/sup> of October 1939 &ldquo;The Soviet-Lithuanian Mutual Assistance  Treaty&rdquo; was also signed allowing the Soviets to place five bases in Lithuania.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">Soviet  Russia continued their own invasion of European countries with their invasion  of Finland which began on the 30<sup>th<\/sup> of November 1939 (their invasion  continued ultimately unsuccessfully until the 13<sup>th<\/sup> of March 1940 in  what was called &ldquo;The Winter War&rdquo; but the Soviets did gain around 11% of Finnish  territory). As the German army forced the fall of Paris on the 14<sup>th<\/sup> of June 1940, the Soviets began a military blockade of Estonia before their  full invasion began on the 16<sup>th<\/sup> of June. Already occupied by Soviet  military, the Estonian government capitulated the following day on the 17<sup>th<\/sup> of June 1940 and Russia then began their invasion of Latvia. &nbsp;The Soviet Union also issued an Ultimatum to  Lithuania on the 14<sup>th<\/sup> of June and invaded the following day.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">In  October 1940 Germany and the Soviet Union began talks regarding the possibility  of them joining the fourth member of the Axis Powers against the Allies. But  Japan had always been firmly opposed to Communism and their military pact with  Germany was based on their mutual opposition to it. In December 1940 Germany  ceased communication with the Soviet Union on the matter. But even during these  talks Hitler had been planning his invasion of Russia. In fact Hitler&rsquo;s wish to  invade Russia, as explained in Meine Kampf, had always been on his mind and  additionally Hitler wanted their oil and a new labour force. On the 5<sup>th<\/sup> of December 1940 Hitler&rsquo;s military plans for the invasion of Russia were  complete. On the 22<sup>nd<\/sup> of June 1941 &ldquo;Operation Barbarossa&rdquo; began as  the largest invasion force ever seen, some 4 million troops, began their  invasion of Russia. On the 8<sup>th<\/sup> of September 1941 the German forces  began the siege of Leningrad, a hugely symbolic city to the Soviets as it was  named after the founder of the communist movement in Russia and the people of  Leniongrad would not give it up without a fight. The Siege of Leningrad  continued until the 27<sup>th<\/sup> of January 1944. The remainder of this huge  attack force pushed into Russia and in less than six months German forces were  within 30 kilometres of Moscow. The &ldquo;Battle of Moscow&rdquo; began on the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> of October 1941 when the Desperate Soviets began throwing all they had at the  Invading German forces. On the 5<sup>th<\/sup> of December 1941 (exactly one  year after Hitler&rsquo;s plans for the invasion were complete) the Russians began to  stop the advance of the German army ending Operation Barbarossa. Russia had  nearly 4.5 million casualties of war by this point but this would be the  beginning of the end for Hitler. Despite his many further attempts to defeat  the Russian&rsquo;s, they continued to repel the Germans right back to Berlin,  causing Hitler to take his own life and Germany to loose the War. The Battle of  Moscow continued until the 7<sup>th<\/sup> of January 1942 when the Russian army  forced a German retreat. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">On  the 28<sup>th<\/sup> of June 1942 Germany began Operation Blue which was a two  pronged attack on Russia with the hope of defeating them once and for all. They  advanced towards the Russian oil fields in Baku and towards the city of  Stalingrad. Stalingrad held great strategic importance but it also held great  symbolic value as it was named after Russian leader Joseph Stalin and to loose  it would weaken the Red armies resolve. After five months of fighting in  weather that reached -30&deg;C the German&rsquo;s 6<sup>th<\/sup> army were defeated and  90,000 German soldiers were taken prisoner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-family:'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size:9.0pt; \">By  the 20<sup>th<\/sup> of April 1945 the Soviet forces had fought their way into  Germany and Surrounded Berlin. The Battle of Berlin began on the 23<sup>rd<\/sup> of April 1945 and by the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> of May the Soviet forces were  victorious. The Soviets lost more people in the second world war than any other  nation with approximately 25,000,000 dead.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/General\/Under Construction.jpg\" alt=\"Under Construction -Earth Site Education\" width=\"723\" height=\"555\" \/>\n<\/p>\n\n--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Jan 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-687","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>23rd of August - Earth Site Education<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/23rd-of-august\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"23rd of August - Earth Site Education\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; 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