{"id":23953,"date":"2025-09-15T10:45:56","date_gmt":"2025-09-15T09:45:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/?p=23953"},"modified":"2025-09-15T10:51:20","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T09:51:20","slug":"year-1952","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/year-1952\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 1952"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<style><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->         .btn-grad {background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #348F50 0%, #56B4D3  51%, #348F50  100%)}<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->         .btn-grad {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            margin: 10px auto;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            padding: 15px 45px;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            text-align: center;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            text-transform: uppercase;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            transition: 0.5s;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            background-size: 200% auto;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            color: white; 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\/* change the direction of the change here *\/<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            color: #fff;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            text-decoration: none;<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  .buttonContainer {margin:0 auto;display:block;text-align:center;}<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/style>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/p>\n<div class=\"buttonContainer\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <a title=\"Nineteen Hundreds\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/nineteen-hundreds\/\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <button class=\"btn-grad\" data-v-766eb970=\"\"> 1900&#8217;s <\/button><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <\/a><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/div>\n<p><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --> [\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><!-- divi:shortcode --><\/p>\n<table class=\"tdih_table\"><thead><th class=\"tdih_event_date\">Date<\/th><th class=\"tdih_event_type\">Type<\/th><th class=\"tdih_event_name\">Event<\/th><\/thead><tr><td class=\"tdih_event_date\">1952-02-08<\/td><td class=\"tdih_event_type\"><\/td><td class=\"tdih_event_name\"><strong>In 1952<\/strong>\u00a0the eldest daughter of deceased King George VI officially proclaimed herself Queen Elizabeth II of the\u00a0United Kingdom, Head of the\u00a0Commonwealth\u00a0and Defender of the Faith (at the age of 25). Her speech to the commonwealth representatives and dignitaries, spoke explained that \"By the sudden death of my dear father I am called to assume the duties and responsibilities of sovereignty\".<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"tdih_event_date\">1952-02-10<\/td><td class=\"tdih_event_type\"><\/td><td class=\"tdih_event_name\"><strong>In 1952<\/strong>\u00a0The Congress Party wins\u00a0India\u2019s\u00a0first General Election which saw more than 100 million voters. India gained independence from the\u00a0United Kingdom\u00a0on the 15<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0of August 1947 and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru became the countries new Leader, but this election makes him India\u2019s first elected Prime Minister.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"tdih_event_date\">1952-08-03<\/td><td class=\"tdih_event_type\"><\/td><td class=\"tdih_event_name\">&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><strong><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 9.0pt;\">In 1952 The United Kingdom tested their first nuclear bomb.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 9.0pt;\">The first nation to create and test a nuclear bomb was the <a title=\"United States of America\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/united-states\/\">United States<\/a> in July 1945 with a 20kt device named \u201cTrinity\u201d followed by <a title=\"Russia\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/russia\/\">Russia<\/a> with \u201cRDS-1\u201d in Aug\/Sep 1949. The <a href=\"..\/united-kingdom\/\">United Kingdom<\/a> tested their first nuclear bomb on the 3<sup>rd<\/sup> of August 1952 with \u201cHurricane\u201d a 25 kiloton device tested off Western <a title=\"Australia\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/australia\/\">Australia<\/a>. On the 13<sup>th<\/sup> of February 1960 <a title=\"France\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/france\/\">France<\/a> tested their 70kt \u201c<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 9.0pt; color: black; background: white;\">Gerboise bleue\" becoming the fourth and on the 16<sup>th<\/sup> of October 1964 <a title=\"China\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/china\/\">China<\/a> became the fifth with their 22 kiloton device. These five nations are the only permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) which is a branch of the United Nations and was founded with the UN in 1946. <\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 9.0pt; color: black; background: white;\">After World War II these nations were considered the main victors and they maintained the most powerful military forces in the world (except France who were over taken by <a title=\"Japan\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/japan\/\">Japan<\/a> in 2012). On the 1<sup>st<\/sup> of July 1968 the United Nations set up the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. The treaty came into effect on the 5<sup>th<\/sup> of March 1970 and called for all nations that signed to only use nuclear power for peaceful means such as the production of power (excluding the 5 permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)). 190 countries have signed the treaty but in 2003 North Korea withdrew its participation. <a title=\"India\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/india\/\">India<\/a>, <a href=\"..\/Pakistan.html\">Pakistan<\/a> and <a title=\"North Korea\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/north-korea\/\">North Korea<\/a> are the only countries to have openly tested their nuclear weapons rejecting the Treaty.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 9.0pt; color: black; background: white;\"><a title=\"Israel\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/israel\/\">Israel<\/a> is widely believed that Israel has nuclear weapons but they have never officially admitted anything. Evidence, such as photographs, from a former nuclear technician was leaked by Mordechai Vanunu in 1986 when he fled to Britain. He was lured to Italy soon after and abducted by Israeli forces. He was imprisoned for 18 years (11 of which were in solitary confinement) and released in 2004.<\/span><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/divi:shortcode --><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<style><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->         .btn-grad {background-image: linear-gradient(to right, #348F50 0%, #56B4D3  51%, #348F50  100%)}<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->         .btn-grad {<!-- 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This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Year 1952 - Earth Site Education<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/year-1952\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Year 1952 - Earth Site Education\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"TIMELINE 1900&#039;s DateTypeEvent1952-02-08In 1952\u00a0the eldest daughter of deceased King George VI officially proclaimed herself Queen Elizabeth II of the\u00a0United...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/year-1952\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Earth Site Education\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" 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