{"id":261,"date":"2015-12-27T00:13:14","date_gmt":"2015-12-27T00:13:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/?page_id=261"},"modified":"2025-05-31T14:14:26","modified_gmt":"2025-05-31T13:14:26","slug":"martian-moons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/martian-moons\/","title":{"rendered":"Martian Moons &#8211; The Two Moons of Mars Phobos and Deimos"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"CenterPaneLayer\">\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Martian-Moons.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7643\" src=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Martian-Moons.jpg\" alt=\"Martian Moons\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Martian-Moons.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Martian-Moons-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Martian-Moons-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Martian-Moons-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a><\/h1>\n<h1 class=\"entry-title\">Martian Moons &#8211; The Two Moons of Mars Phobos and Deimos<\/h1>\n<blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><em><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">In the August of 1877 an American astronomer was looking at Mars in hopes of discovering a moon. He instead discovered two Martian Moons; Deimos and Phobos<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"74\" data-end=\"512\">Phobos and Deimos\u2014the mysterious <strong data-start=\"107\" data-end=\"124\">moons of Mars<\/strong>\u2014have intrigued scientists for generations. These tiny satellites orbiting the <strong data-start=\"203\" data-end=\"218\">planet Mars<\/strong> offer clues to the planet\u2019s past and its potential future in human space exploration. In this article, we dive deep into the <strong data-start=\"344\" data-end=\"384\">Martian satellites Phobos and Deimos<\/strong>, unravel fascinating <strong data-start=\"406\" data-end=\"428\">facts about Phobos<\/strong>, and learn how <strong data-start=\"444\" data-end=\"460\">NASA science<\/strong> continues to probe their origins and significance.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"791\">Whether you&#8217;re a space enthusiast, a student of astronomy, or just curious about what orbits the <strong data-start=\"611\" data-end=\"630\">surface of Mars<\/strong>, this article will offer a thorough overview of the <strong data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"697\">Mars&#8217; moons<\/strong>, their orbits, potential missions, and why they&#8217;re crucial for future <strong data-start=\"768\" data-end=\"788\">Mars exploration<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"798\" data-end=\"816\">Article Outline<\/h2>\n<p>What Are the Moons of Mars and Why Are They Important?<\/p>\n<p>How Were Phobos and Deimos Discovered?<\/p>\n<p>What Are the Main Differences Between Phobos and Deimos?<\/p>\n<p>How Do the Martian Moons Orbit Mars? Could Phobos Crash Into Mars?<\/p>\n<p>What Has NASA Learned from Mars Missions?<\/p>\n<p>What Is the Origin of the Martian Moons?<\/p>\n<p>What Are the Plans for Future Moon Exploration?<\/p>\n<p>How Do Phobos and Deimos Compare to Earth\u2019s Moon?<\/p>\n<p>Why Is Phobos Key to a Mars Sample Return Mission?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Naming-the-Moons-of-Mars\">Naming the Moons of Mars<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Shape-and-Orbit-of-the-Martian-Moons\">Shape and Orbit of the Martian Moons<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Origin-of-the-Martian-Moons\">Origin of the Martian Moons<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Phobos\">Phobos<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Deimos\">Deimos<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Quick-Comparison-of-Martian-Moons\">Quick Comparison of Martian Moons<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Sm01rmuMo3k?si=Cp2pAoP_omdKG8ot\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div id=\"CenterPaneLayer\">\n<h2 data-start=\"1346\" data-end=\"1406\">What Are the Moons of Mars and Why Are They Important?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1408\" data-end=\"1780\">Mars has <strong data-start=\"1417\" data-end=\"1436\">two small moons<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1438\" data-end=\"1459\">Phobos and Deimos<\/strong>, which are thought to be either captured asteroids or remnants from a collision. These <strong data-start=\"1547\" data-end=\"1561\">tiny moons<\/strong> are some of the smallest <strong data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1616\">moons in the solar system<\/strong>, but they carry outsized importance in the quest for understanding the <strong data-start=\"1688\" data-end=\"1719\">origin of the martian moons<\/strong> and potential for human presence on the <strong data-start=\"1760\" data-end=\"1779\">martian surface<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1782\" data-end=\"2080\">Understanding the <strong data-start=\"1800\" data-end=\"1817\">moons of Mars<\/strong> helps scientists learn more about planetary formation, orbital dynamics, and the history of impacts in the <strong data-start=\"1925\" data-end=\"1941\">solar system<\/strong>. Plus, their proximity to Mars makes them ideal targets for future <strong data-start=\"2009\" data-end=\"2030\">moon exploration<\/strong> and stepping stones for <strong data-start=\"2055\" data-end=\"2070\">crewed Mars<\/strong> missions.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2131\">How Were Phobos and Deimos Discovered?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2133\" data-end=\"2431\">The <strong data-start=\"2137\" data-end=\"2158\">two moons of Mars<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"2160\" data-end=\"2181\">Phobos and Deimos<\/strong>, were discovered in 1877 by American astronomer Asaph Hall. He first <strong data-start=\"2251\" data-end=\"2272\">discovered Deimos<\/strong>, followed shortly by <strong data-start=\"2294\" data-end=\"2304\">Phobos<\/strong>, while observing from the U.S. Naval Observatory. His discoveries added new chapters to the study of <strong data-start=\"2406\" data-end=\"2422\">moons around<\/strong> planets.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2433\" data-end=\"2753\">These <strong data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2479\">martian satellites Phobos and Deimos<\/strong> are unique not just because of their size but because of their odd shapes and mysterious origins. Since then, numerous missions\u2014like <strong data-start=\"2613\" data-end=\"2644\">NASA\u2019s Mars Global Surveyor<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"2649\" data-end=\"2680\">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter<\/strong>\u2014have provided <strong data-start=\"2695\" data-end=\"2721\">observations of Phobos<\/strong> and helped refine what we know.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2760\" data-end=\"2822\">What Are the Main Differences Between Phobos and Deimos?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"3099\"><strong data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"2848\">Phobos is the larger<\/strong> of the <strong data-start=\"2856\" data-end=\"2869\">two moons<\/strong>, measuring about 22 km across, whereas <strong data-start=\"2909\" data-end=\"2919\">Deimos<\/strong> is only about 12 km wide. Phobos is much closer to Mars and <strong data-start=\"2980\" data-end=\"2995\">orbits mars<\/strong> every 7.7 hours, <strong data-start=\"3013\" data-end=\"3034\">three times a day<\/strong>, while Deimos takes 30 hours for a single <strong data-start=\"3077\" data-end=\"3098\">orbit around Mars<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3101\" data-end=\"3391\">Despite both being <strong data-start=\"3120\" data-end=\"3147\">small and close to Mars<\/strong>, their surfaces and compositions are different. <strong data-start=\"3196\" data-end=\"3221\">The surface of Phobos<\/strong> is covered in dust and regolith, marked by the large Stickney crater, while <strong data-start=\"3298\" data-end=\"3330\">Deimos was most probably hit<\/strong> in the past but shows smoother terrain due to dust movement.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3398\" data-end=\"3440\">How Do the Martian Moons Orbit Mars?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3442\" data-end=\"3772\">Both <strong data-start=\"3447\" data-end=\"3468\">Phobos and Deimos<\/strong> have nearly circular <strong data-start=\"3490\" data-end=\"3500\">orbits<\/strong>, unusual for captured asteroids. This has led to debates about the <strong data-start=\"3568\" data-end=\"3591\">origin of the moons<\/strong>. Phobos lies just 6,000 km from the <strong data-start=\"3628\" data-end=\"3647\">surface of Mars<\/strong>\u2014closer than any other moon in the <strong data-start=\"3682\" data-end=\"3698\">solar system<\/strong>\u2014and <strong data-start=\"3703\" data-end=\"3727\">phobos orbits closer<\/strong> to its planet than any other known <strong data-start=\"3763\" data-end=\"3771\">moon<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3774\" data-end=\"4029\">While Deimos has a more stable path, <strong data-start=\"3811\" data-end=\"3833\">phobos orbits mars<\/strong> so fast that it rises in the west and sets in the east\u2014<strong data-start=\"3889\" data-end=\"3914\">much faster than Mars<\/strong> rotates. These orbital dynamics are a central point in understanding how <strong data-start=\"3988\" data-end=\"4005\">martian moons<\/strong> behave <strong data-start=\"4013\" data-end=\"4028\">around Mars<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"4036\" data-end=\"4071\">Could Phobos Crash Into Mars?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4073\" data-end=\"4365\">Yes, <strong data-start=\"4078\" data-end=\"4094\">Phobos could<\/strong> eventually <strong data-start=\"4106\" data-end=\"4132\">either crash into Mars<\/strong> or break apart, forming a <strong data-start=\"4159\" data-end=\"4179\">ring around Mars<\/strong>. Its low orbit causes it to spiral slowly inward due to tidal forces. In about 50 million years, this <strong data-start=\"4282\" data-end=\"4302\">Mars moon Phobos,<\/strong> may disintegrate entirely or collide with the <strong data-start=\"4349\" data-end=\"4364\">planet Mars<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4367\" data-end=\"4629\">This catastrophic future makes Phobos an interesting object of study\u2014not just as a moon, but as a case study in orbital decay. Scientists are watching its <strong data-start=\"4522\" data-end=\"4538\">orbit around<\/strong> the planet closely using data from the <strong data-start=\"4578\" data-end=\"4609\">mars reconnaissance orbiter<\/strong> and other missions.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"4636\" data-end=\"4683\">What Has NASA Learned from Mars Missions?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4685\" data-end=\"5022\"><strong data-start=\"4685\" data-end=\"4700\">NASA&#8217;s Mars<\/strong> missions, including <strong data-start=\"4721\" data-end=\"4737\">Mars Express<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"4739\" data-end=\"4763\">Mars Global Surveyor<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"4769\" data-end=\"4800\">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter<\/strong>, have contributed massively to our understanding of <strong data-start=\"4853\" data-end=\"4874\">Phobos and Deimos<\/strong>. The <strong data-start=\"4880\" data-end=\"4903\">surface of the moon<\/strong> Phobos has been mapped in high resolution, revealing fractures and grooves that hint at internal structure and origin.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5024\" data-end=\"5302\"><strong data-start=\"5024\" data-end=\"5040\">NASA science<\/strong> has shown that Phobos may be a good site for a <strong data-start=\"5088\" data-end=\"5117\">sample return from Phobos<\/strong>\u2014a goal many scientists believe could unlock secrets of the <strong data-start=\"5177\" data-end=\"5193\">solar system<\/strong>. Meanwhile, Deimos remains less explored, but its distant <strong data-start=\"5252\" data-end=\"5261\">orbit<\/strong> and smoother surface make it intriguing.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"5309\" data-end=\"5355\">What Is the Origin of the Martian Moons?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5357\" data-end=\"5621\">The <strong data-start=\"5361\" data-end=\"5392\">origin of Phobos and Deimos<\/strong> is still debated. Some scientists argue they are captured asteroids, while others suggest they formed from debris following a massive impact. A newer theory proposes a <strong data-start=\"5561\" data-end=\"5592\">common progenitor of Phobos<\/strong> and Deimos that broke apart.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5623\" data-end=\"5944\">Regardless of which theory holds true, the <strong data-start=\"5666\" data-end=\"5686\">nature of Phobos<\/strong> and its orbit suggest a violent past. The question of how the <strong data-start=\"5749\" data-end=\"5765\">moons formed<\/strong> relates to broader ideas about how <strong data-start=\"5801\" data-end=\"5819\">moons are made<\/strong> in the <strong data-start=\"5827\" data-end=\"5843\">solar system<\/strong>. Understanding the <strong data-start=\"5863\" data-end=\"5898\">progenitor of Phobos and Deimos<\/strong> could reshape how we see planetary evolution.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"5951\" data-end=\"6005\">What Are the Plans for Future Moon Exploration?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6007\" data-end=\"6302\">A <strong data-start=\"6009\" data-end=\"6030\">mission to Phobos<\/strong> is currently in planning stages. Japan\u2019s MMX (Martian Moons eXploration) mission plans to <strong data-start=\"6121\" data-end=\"6153\">visit both Phobos and Deimos<\/strong> and even conduct a <strong data-start=\"6173\" data-end=\"6210\">sample return mission from Phobos<\/strong>. This would provide crucial data <strong data-start=\"6244\" data-end=\"6261\">back to Earth<\/strong> and possibly even a <strong data-start=\"6282\" data-end=\"6301\">piece of Phobos<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6304\" data-end=\"6575\">NASA has also expressed interest in a <strong data-start=\"6342\" data-end=\"6364\">mars sample return<\/strong> program, where astronauts or robots could study the <strong data-start=\"6417\" data-end=\"6444\">moons phobos and deimos<\/strong> in detail. As these <strong data-start=\"6465\" data-end=\"6483\">smallest moons<\/strong> orbit close to Mars, they could also serve as bases for future <strong data-start=\"6547\" data-end=\"6562\">crewed mars<\/strong> exploration.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"6582\" data-end=\"6637\">How Do Phobos and Deimos Compare to Earth\u2019s Moon?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6639\" data-end=\"6915\">When comparing <strong data-start=\"6654\" data-end=\"6675\">Phobos and Deimos<\/strong> to <strong data-start=\"6679\" data-end=\"6695\">Earth\u2019s moon<\/strong>, the differences are striking. The <strong data-start=\"6731\" data-end=\"6739\">moon<\/strong> that orbits Earth is much larger, spherical, and geologically active in its past. In contrast, the <strong data-start=\"6839\" data-end=\"6862\">Martian moon Phobos<\/strong> is irregularly shaped, dusty, and geologically dead.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6917\" data-end=\"7162\">Moreover, <strong data-start=\"6927\" data-end=\"6943\">Earth\u2019s moon<\/strong> formed from a massive impact, but the <strong data-start=\"6982\" data-end=\"7013\">origin of the martian moons<\/strong> is still not fully clear. Nonetheless, both systems offer insight into planetary history and the processes that shape <strong data-start=\"7132\" data-end=\"7161\">moons in the solar system<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"7169\" data-end=\"7226\">Why Is Phobos Key to a Mars Sample Return Mission?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7<a href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/chinas-tianwen-1-mars-mission-first-mars-sample-return-mission\/\" title=\"China's Tianwen-1 Mars Mission: First Mars Sample Return Mission\">Mars Sample Return Mission<\/a>se of its proximity and the data already available, <strong data-start=\"7285\" data-end=\"7295\">Phobos<\/strong> is an ideal target for a <strong data-start=\"7321\" data-end=\"7358\">sample return mission<\/strong>. Its low gravity makes landing and takeoff easier than the <strong data-start=\"7418\" data-end=\"7437\">Martian surface<\/strong>, and its history may contain clues about the <strong data-start=\"7483\" data-end=\"7498\">planet Mars<\/strong> itself.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7508\" data-end=\"7782\">Furthermore, a mission to <strong data-start=\"7534\" data-end=\"7549\">moon Phobos<\/strong> would help prepare for longer-term <strong data-start=\"7585\" data-end=\"7601\">mars mission<\/strong> plans, including a <strong data-start=\"7621\" data-end=\"7635\">mars rover<\/strong> or crewed base. As such, the <strong data-start=\"7665\" data-end=\"7725\">phobos reconnaissance and international mars exploration<\/strong> projects are vital stepping stones to broader ambitions.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.0pt;\">Naming the Moons of Mars<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">In the August of 1877 an American astronomer was looking at <a title=\"Planet Mars &#8211; The Red Planet\" href=\"\/Education\/planet-mars\">Mars<\/a> in hopes of discovering a possible Martian moon, when he discovered two; \u00a0first Deimos and then Phobos six nights later. He named them after two of the sons of Ares, the Greek god of war. Phobos, who was the god of alarm and panic<sup>1<\/sup> (and where we get the name phobia), and Deimos the god of fear<sup>1<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.0pt;\">Shape and Orbit of the Martian Moons<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\"><span class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px 20px;\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/Astronomy\/Mars\/Orbits of Martian Moons\/Orbit of Martian Moons.gif\" alt=\"Orbit of Martian Moons gif\" width=\"373\" height=\"436\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"12\" \/><\/span>Neither Phobos nor Deimos are spherical like many other moons which is due to their comparably small size. The gravity created by any object with mass, acts upon that body and others by attracting matter to the centre of that object.\u00a0When an object reaches a certain size their gravity is strong enough to start shaping the object by drawing the matter towards its centre and the shape that is produced is a sphere. As these two moons have a gravitational pull too weak to affect their shape they are both as they have originally formed and have been formed by natural events such as collisions.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">The orbit of Phobos is much faster than Deimos as shown in the illustration above.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.0pt;\">Origin of the Martian Moons<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Phobos and Deimos are of similar material to the asteroids which lie in a belt between Jupiter and Mars. Some scientist believe that the two moons may actually be asteroids caught in the gravitational pull of Mars while some believe that it is the remnants of a large object that was shattered in a collision.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.0pt;\">Phobos<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px 20px;\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/Astronomy\/Mars\/Phobos.PNG\" alt=\"Phobos PNG\" width=\"380\" height=\"372\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"12\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Phobos was discovered on the 11th of August 1877 by Asaph Hall whilst working at the US Naval Observatory. The large crater on the right hand side of the image below was named after his wife \u2018Stickney\u2019 who encouraged Hall in his work. The Crater Stickney is approximately 9.6km or 6 miles which is almost as wide as the moon itself. The lines on the surface of Phobos are believed to have been caused by the impact that caused the Stickney crater.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Phobos is the larger of the two Martian moons, with a mean radius of 11.1km or 6.9mi (<a title=\"Our Moon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-site.co.uk\/Education\/our-moon\/\">our moon<\/a> has a mean radius of 1,737.4 km or 1,079.6mi). It travels in orbit at a distance of 6,000km or 3,700mi from the Martian surface which is closer than any other moon in our solar system. This distance is actually decreasing by 1.8 meters every hundred years which will eventually result in Phobos colliding with Mars or breaking up and forming a Martian ring (but not for millions of years).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Phobos orbits Mars three times each day (Martian days last similar length to Earth\u2019s at 24.6hrs\u00a0as opposed to earth days at 23.9hrs).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px 20px;\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/Astronomy\/Mars\/NASA Phobos from Mars.PNG\" alt=\"NASA Phobos from Mars PNG\" width=\"142\" height=\"142\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"12\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">This image was taken of Phobos from low Martian orbit by NASA\u2019s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter using the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars. The image gives a good indication of how this relatively small but very close moon looks in the Martian night sky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.0pt;\">Deimos<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px 20px;\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/Astronomy\/Mars\/Deimos.PNG\" alt=\"Deimos PNG\" width=\"304\" height=\"304\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"12\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Deimos, like our own moon, is moving away from the red planet and will one day move out of reach of the Martian gravity where it will drift slowly away into space. The surface of Deimos has suffered fewer collisions than Phobos but it too has many craters, some of which are two miles wide. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\"><span class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 0px 20px;\" src=\"\/Education\/Images\/Astronomy\/Mars\/NASA Deimos from Mars.PNG\" alt=\"NASA Deimos from Mars PNG\" width=\"108\" height=\"107\" align=\"left\" hspace=\"12\" \/><\/span>This image was taken of Deimos from low Martian orbit by NASA\u2019s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter using the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars. The image gives a good indication of how the tiny moon looks in the Martian night sky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14.0pt;\">Quick Comparison of Martian Moons<\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"MsoTableGrid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; border: none;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Phobos<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 142.25pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"190\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Deimos<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 142.95pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"191\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Dimensions<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">27&#215;21.6&#215;18.8km (12.4&#215;14.3&#215;17.4mi)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 142.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"190\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">15&#215;12.2x11km (6.2&#215;7.5x 9.9mi)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 142.95pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"191\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Volume<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">5,729km<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 142.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"190\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">998km<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 142.95pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"191\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Mass<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">10,658,529,896,187,200kg<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 142.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"190\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">1,476,188,406,600,170kg<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.4pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 142.95pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"191\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Mean Distance From Mars<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">9,380km (5,826mi)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 142.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 17.4pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"190\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">23,460km (14,573mi)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 14.5pt;\">\n<td style=\"width: 142.95pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"191\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Orbital Period<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 176.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"236\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">7.66 hours<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 142.25pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 14.5pt;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"190\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">30.35 hours<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">Sources<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 12.0pt;\">1.The Dictionary of Mythology by J. A. Coleman<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Martian Moons &#8211; The Two Moons of Mars Phobos and Deimos In the August of 1877 an American astronomer was [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7643,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_edit_last":["1"],"_edit_lock":["1748879084:1"],"_wp_page_template":["default"],"ttr_page_title_checkbox":["true"],"ttr_page_foot_checkbox":["true"],"ttr_header_size_select":["None"],"ttr_background_repeat_enable_checkbox":["true"],"ttr_change_header_image_text":[""],"ttr_background_size_select":["None"],"ttr_header_repeat_enable_checkbox":["true"],"ttr_custom_style_text":[""],"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":["Martian Moons"],"_yoast_wpseo_linkdex":["72"],"ampforwp-amp-on-off":["default"],"_thumbnail_id":["7643"],"_et_pb_use_builder":[""],"_et_pb_old_content":[""],"_et_gb_content_width":[""],"ast-featured-img":["disabled"],"theme-transparent-header-meta":["default"],"adv-header-id-meta":[""],"stick-header-meta":[""],"footnotes":[""],"_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":["145"],"_yoast_wpseo_estimated-reading-time-minutes":["6"],"_yoast_wpseo_wordproof_timestamp":[""],"rank_math_primary_category":["145"],"rank_math_description":["In \u00a01877 an American astronomer was looking at Mars in hopes of \u00a0discovering a moon. 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