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On This Day...

: 1971
1971 India joined the Mukti Bahini (Bangladesh Liberation War) against Pakistan

On the 26^th of March 1971 the elected President of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, declared the Independence of Bangladesh amidst ‘Operation Searchlight’ conducted by Pakistan and the outbreak of the Bangladesh Liberation War. Pakistan held elections in 1970 and early 1971 (due to flooding in some areas) where the Anwar League won a large majority of seats. The Anwar league was headed by Sheikh Rahman and it called for independent governance of East Pakistan (at the time Pakistan controlled the region now known as Bangladesh and named the area East Pakistan). The President of Pakistan, Yahya Kahn, refused to recognise the election result and continued to forcibly control the area and ordered his men to "Kill three million of them (Bangladeshis) and the rest will eat out of our hands". His planned ‘Operation Searchlight’ commenced on this day in 1971 which was set to take over control of all major cities and eliminate any opposition. Despite the operation, Rahman was able to send out the declaration of Bengali Independence. An uprising began by the people of Bangladesh but the genocide of many hundreds of thousands of Bengali civilians continued over the next few months at the hands of Pakistan forces. Millions of refugees found sanctuary in India and on the 3^rd of December 1971, India joined the Mukti Bahini (Bangladesh Liberation Army) against Pakistan. By the 16^th of December 1971, Pakistan announced their unconditional surrender and Bangladesh won their freedom. It was a while before the international community recognised the sovereignty of Bangladesh. The United States had long supported Pakistan and in early December, President Nixon had threatened nuclear strikes against India, but the USSR had promised to defend India from the US.; 1989
In 1989 the Malta Summit officially ended the Cold War.

The leaders of the world’s superpowers, America’s George Bush Senior and U.S.S.R’s Mikhail Gorbachev signed an arms reduction treaty that would begin in 1991.

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