Pliocene Epoch (5.3 – 2.5 million years ago) – Early human ancestors (Australopithecus).
The Pliocene Epoch, spanning from approximately 5.3 to 2.6 million years ago, represents a significant chapter in Earth’s geological history. It is the final epoch of the Neogene Period and is characterised by notable climatic shifts and evolutionary...
Hadron Epoch (10⁻⁶ – 1 sec) – Quarks combine into protons and neutrons.
The Hadron Epoch is a pivotal phase in the early universe, occurring approximately between 10^-6 seconds and 10^-3 seconds after the Big Bang. During this brief yet crucial period, the universe was a hot, dense soup of fundamental particles, where the conditions were...
Environmental education in schools
Environmental education plays a pivotal role in shaping the minds of young learners, fostering a sense of responsibility towards the planet. In an era marked by climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution, it is imperative that students understand the intricate...
Public education campaigns on conservation
Public education campaigns play a pivotal role in fostering awareness and understanding of critical issues, particularly in the realm of conservation. These campaigns serve as a bridge between scientific knowledge and public perception, translating complex...
Environmental Policy and Advocacy
Environmental policy and advocacy have emerged as critical components in the global discourse surrounding sustainability and ecological preservation. As the world grapples with the consequences of climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution, the need for robust...
Smart city planning for environmental sustainability
In an era marked by rapid urbanisation and the pressing challenges of climate change, the concept of smart city planning has emerged as a beacon of hope for sustainable urban development. Smart city planning refers to the integration of technology, data, and...
Sustainable transportation (cycling, public transit)
Sustainable transportation encompasses a range of practices and modes that aim to reduce environmental impact while promoting social equity and economic viability. One of the most significant benefits of sustainable transportation is its potential to mitigate climate...
Urban green spaces and parks
Urban green spaces and parks serve as vital components of city landscapes, offering a sanctuary amidst the concrete and steel that characterise modern urban environments. These areas are not merely patches of grass or clusters of trees; they are essential for...
Green buildings and infrastructure
In an era characterised by mounting environmental concerns, the importance of green buildings and infrastructure cannot be overemphasised. These structures are designed with a focus on sustainability, aiming to reduce their ecological footprint whilst enhancing the...
Sustainable Urban Development
In an era characterised by rapid urbanisation, the significance of sustainable urban development cannot be overstated. As cities expand, they become epicentres of economic activity, cultural exchange, and social interaction. However, this growth often comes at a...
Wetland restoration
Wetlands are vital ecosystems that offer a broad range of environmental, social and economic advantages. They function as natural sponges, absorbing and storing excess water during periods of heavy rainfall, which helps to reduce the risk of flooding in surrounding...
Palau
Palau (Beluu er a Belau (Palauan); Republic of Palau (English) Capital: Melekeok Population (Estimated July 2012): 21,032 Area: 488km2 or 188mi2 Currency: U.S. dollar (U.S.$) Official Language: Palauan and English Political Information: Democratic Presidential...




