Capital: Jerusalem

Population (Estimated July 2012): 7,590,758

Area: 21,643 km² or 8,357 mi²

Currency: New Israeli Sheqel (NIS)

Official Language: Hebrew; Arabic

Political Information: Parliamentary Democracy

Official Religion: No Official Religion (approximately 75.6% of the population are Jewish, 16.9% are Muslim, 2% are Christian, 1.7% are Druze and 3.8% have other religious beliefs)

Highest Mountain: Mount Hermon at 2,814m or 9,232ft

GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a countries economic power)

(Estimated 2011): $245.3 billion (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and use of resources but not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States) 

 (Estimated 2011): $235.1 billion (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)

Time Zone (GMT/UTC): +2:00

Wildlife:

Counties/Provinces/States: 6 districts (mehozot, singular – mehoz); Central, Haifa, Jerusalem, Northern, Southern, Tel Aviv

 Leaders: President Shimon Peres with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Israel

Israel, officially known as the State of Israel, is a small yet significant country located in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is a country with a rich history, diverse culture, and a thriving economy. The capital city of Israel is Jerusalem, which holds great religious significance for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The official languages spoken in Israel are Hebrew and Arabic, and the country has a population of approximately 9 million people. Israel is known for its technological advancements, historical landmarks, and beautiful landscapes, making it a popular destination for tourists from around the world.

Israel is a country that has been at the centre of global attention due to its complex political situation and ongoing conflicts with its neighbours. Despite these challenges, Israel has managed to establish itself as a leading force in various fields such as technology, agriculture, and innovation. The country has a diverse population with people from different ethnic and religious backgrounds, contributing to its vibrant and dynamic culture. With its rich history, stunning landscapes, and thriving economy, Israel continues to be a fascinating and influential country in the Middle East and beyond.

Historical Background of Israel

The history of Israel dates back thousands of years, with the region being home to ancient civilizations such as the Canaanites, Philistines, and Hebrews. The land of Israel holds great significance for the Jewish people, as it is considered the biblical Promised Land. In ancient times, Israel was ruled by various empires including the Egyptians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. The region saw the rise and fall of kingdoms and the spread of different religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

In 1948, Israel declared its independence, marking the establishment of the modern state of Israel. This event led to a series of conflicts with its Arab neighbours, resulting in several wars and ongoing tensions in the region. The historical background of Israel is complex and deeply intertwined with religious, cultural, and political factors. The country has faced numerous challenges throughout its history, but it has also experienced periods of prosperity and growth. Today, Israel stands as a testament to resilience and determination, with a rich historical legacy that continues to shape its identity and influence its place in the world.

Geographical Features of Israel

Israel is a country with diverse geographical features that include coastal plains, mountain ranges, and the Negev desert. The country is bordered by Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the west of Israel, providing beautiful beaches and a thriving marine ecosystem. The Jordan River runs through the country, feeding into the Sea of Galilee and eventually flowing into the Dead Sea, which is the lowest point on Earth.

The landscape of Israel is characterised by its varied terrain, from fertile valleys to arid deserts, making it a unique and captivating destination for nature enthusiasts. The country is also home to several natural wonders such as the Ramon Crater, a geological formation in the Negev desert, and the stunning cliffs of Rosh Hanikra along the Mediterranean coast. With its diverse geography and natural beauty, Israel offers a wide range of outdoor activities and breathtaking landscapes for visitors to explore and enjoy.

Political Landscape of Israel

The political landscape of Israel is complex and often contentious, shaped by historical conflicts, religious tensions, and regional power dynamics. The country operates under a parliamentary system with a president as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government. The Israeli parliament, known as the Knesset, is responsible for making laws and overseeing government activities. The political scene in Israel is characterised by a diverse range of political parties representing different ideologies and interests.

Israel has been involved in numerous conflicts with its Arab neighbours over issues such as land disputes, security concerns, and the status of Jerusalem. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains a central issue in Israeli politics, with ongoing efforts to find a peaceful resolution to the long-standing dispute. The political landscape of Israel is also influenced by its relationships with other countries, particularly the United States and European nations. Despite its challenges, Israel has managed to establish itself as a stable democracy with a strong economy and a vibrant civil society.

Cultural Diversity in Israel

Israel is a melting pot of cultures, with a diverse population that includes Jews, Arabs, Druze, Bedouins, and other ethnic groups. The country’s cultural landscape is shaped by its rich history, religious traditions, and immigrant communities from around the world. Israeli culture is a blend of ancient customs and modern influences, reflected in its art, music, cuisine, and festivals. The Jewish people have a deep connection to the land of Israel, with Jerusalem being a holy city for Jews, Christians, and Muslims.

The cultural diversity in Israel is also evident in its vibrant culinary scene, with dishes influenced by Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, Eastern European, and North African cuisines. Israeli music and dance are also integral parts of the country’s cultural heritage, with traditional folk songs and lively dances that celebrate its diverse roots. Festivals such as Hanukkah, Passover, Eid al-Fitr, and Christmas are celebrated with great enthusiasm across the country, showcasing the multicultural fabric of Israeli society. With its rich tapestry of traditions and customs, Israel offers visitors a unique opportunity to experience a wide range of cultural experiences.

Economy and Technology in Israel

Israel has emerged as a global leader in technology and innovation, earning the nickname “Start-Up Nation” for its thriving tech industry and entrepreneurial spirit. The country’s economy is driven by high-tech sectors such as cybersecurity, biotechnology, telecommunications, and renewable energy. Israeli companies have made significant contributions to fields such as medical research, agriculture technology, and artificial intelligence, earning international recognition for their groundbreaking innovations.

In addition to its technological advancements, Israel also has a diverse economy that includes agriculture, manufacturing, tourism, and financial services. The country’s agricultural sector has pioneered innovative techniques for desert farming and water conservation, making it a world leader in sustainable agriculture practices. Israel’s strategic location at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa has also contributed to its role as a regional hub for trade and commerce.

Despite its small size, Israel has managed to establish itself as an economic powerhouse with a strong emphasis on research and development. The government has invested heavily in education and infrastructure to support its growing knowledge-based economy. With its dynamic business environment and cutting-edge technologies, Israel continues to be at the forefront of global innovation.

Contemporary Issues in Israel

Israel faces several contemporary issues that have significant implications for its society and international relations. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains a central concern, with ongoing efforts to find a peaceful resolution to the long-standing dispute over land rights and statehood. The status of Jerusalem is another contentious issue that has sparked tensions between Israelis and Palestinians as well as within the international community.

Israel also grapples with social challenges such as income inequality, housing affordability, and religious tensions between different communities. The country’s diverse population presents opportunities for cultural exchange but also poses challenges related to integration and social cohesion. In recent years, there have been debates about immigration policies and the treatment of asylum seekers from African countries.

On the international stage, Israel faces diplomatic challenges related to its relationships with neighbouring countries and global powers. The country’s security concerns have led to complex geopolitical dynamics in the Middle East region. Efforts to achieve peace agreements with Arab nations have been met with both progress and setbacks.

In conclusion, Israel is a country with a rich history, diverse culture, thriving economy, and complex political landscape. Its geographical features offer stunning landscapes for visitors to explore while its technological advancements continue to make an impact on a global scale. Despite facing contemporary issues related to politics, culture, economy and international relations; Israel remains resilient in its pursuit of progress and prosperity.

FAQs

What is the capital of Israel?

The capital of Israel is Jerusalem.

What is the official language of Israel?

The official languages of Israel are Hebrew and Arabic.

What is the population of Israel?

As of 2021, the population of Israel is approximately 9.3 million people.

What is the currency used in Israel?

The currency used in Israel is the Israeli new shekel (ILS).

What is the religious composition of Israel?

Israel is a diverse country with a majority of the population being Jewish. There are also significant Muslim, Christian, and Druze communities in the country.

What are some popular tourist attractions in Israel?

Some popular tourist attractions in Israel include the Western Wall and Old City of Jerusalem, the Dead Sea, Masada, the city of Tel Aviv, and the ancient city of Caesarea.

What is the climate like in Israel?

Israel has a Mediterranean climate, with hot and dry summers and mild, wet winters. The southern part of the country experiences desert conditions.

What are some famous Israeli dishes?

Some famous Israeli dishes include falafel, hummus, shakshuka, and sabich. Israeli cuisine is known for its use of fresh vegetables, herbs, and spices.