Capital: Tarawa

Population (Estimated July 2012): 101,998

Area: 811km² or 313mi²

Currency: Australian Dollar ($A)

Official Language: English

Political Information: Parliamentary Republic

Official Religion: No Official Religion
(approximately 55% of the population is Roman Catholic, and 36% are Protestant. 7.2% have other Christian beliefs and 1.8% have other religious beliefs)

Highest Point: unnamed area on Banaba at 81m or 266ft

GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a country’s economic power)

(Estimated 2011): $200 million (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and the use of resources but is not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States) 

 (Estimated 2011): $612 million (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): $6,200 (US$) or (GBP)

Time Zone (GMT/UTC): Between +12:00 to +14:00

 Wildlife:

Counties/Provinces/States: 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note – in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils – one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)

Leaders: President Anote Tong with Vice President Teima Onorio.

 Additional: Gained Independence from the UK on the 12^th of July 1979.

Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Kiribati

Kiribati, officially the Republic of Kiribati, is a small island nation situated in the central Pacific Ocean. It comprises 33 atolls and reef islands, with a total land area of 811 square kilometres. The country’s territory spans 3.5 million square kilometres of ocean, resulting in one of the world’s largest exclusive economic zones.

South Tarawa, located on the atoll of Tarawa, serves as the capital of Kiribati. The nation’s population is approximately 120,000, with the majority being of I-Kiribati ethnicity. Kiribati is renowned for its distinctive natural landscapes and rich cultural heritage.

However, the country faces significant challenges due to climate change and rising sea levels, which pose a threat to its very existence. Despite these obstacles, the people of Kiribati demonstrate resilience and determination in their efforts to preserve their way of life and protect their homeland. This article will examine the geography, history, culture, economy, environmental issues, and future prospects of Kiribati, providing insight into this often overlooked nation.

Summary

• Kiribati is a small island nation in the central Pacific Ocean, consisting of 33 atolls and reef islands.
• The climate in Kiribati is tropical, with a hot and humid climate and a risk of natural disasters such as cyclones and rising sea levels.
• The history and culture of Kiribati is rich and diverse, with a strong emphasis on traditional dance, music, and storytelling.
• The economy of Kiribati is heavily reliant on fishing and copra production, with limited natural resources and a small industrial sector.
• Kiribati faces significant environmental challenges, including rising sea levels, coastal erosion, and limited access to clean water, posing a threat to the nation’s future.

Geography and Climate of Kiribati

Geography and Climate

The climate in Kiribati is tropical, with consistently warm temperatures throughout the year. The country experiences a wet season from November to April and a dry season from May to October.

A Paradise for Nature Lovers

The crystal-clear waters surrounding the atolls are perfect for snorkelling, diving, and fishing, while the pristine beaches offer a tranquil escape from the hustle and bustle of modern life.

A Vulnerable Existence

However, the low-lying nature of the islands also makes them extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Rising sea levels and increasingly severe weather events pose a significant threat to the very existence of Kiribati, forcing the government and people to grapple with the difficult reality of their changing environment.

History and Culture of Kiribati

The history of Kiribati dates back thousands of years, with evidence of human settlement on the islands as early as 3000 BC. The islands were first discovered by European explorers in the 16th century and were later colonized by the British in the late 19th century. Kiribati gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1979 and has since developed its own unique identity and culture. The traditional way of life in Kiribati is deeply rooted in the natural environment, with fishing and subsistence agriculture playing a central role in the economy and culture. 

The people of Kiribati have a rich cultural heritage, with traditional music, dance, and storytelling being important aspects of everyday life. The I-Kiribati people are known for their warm hospitality and strong sense of community, with social gatherings and celebrations being an integral part of their culture. The traditional maneaba, or meeting house, serves as a focal point for community activities and decision-making.

Despite the challenges posed by modernization and external influences, the people of Kiribati continue to take pride in their cultural traditions and are working to preserve them for future generations.

Economy and Industry in Kiribati

The economy of Kiribati is largely based on subsistence agriculture and fishing, with copra (dried coconut meat) being a major export product. The country also relies heavily on foreign aid and remittances from I-Kiribati living abroad to support its economy. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on developing the tourism industry as a means of generating revenue and creating employment opportunities for the local population.

The government has been working to promote sustainable tourism practices that respect the natural environment and traditional way of life in Kiribati. Despite these efforts, Kiribati faces significant economic challenges, including limited natural resources, a small domestic market, and high transportation costs due to its remote location. The country also grapples with high unemployment rates and limited access to education and healthcare services.

However, the government is committed to addressing these challenges through strategic economic planning and international partnerships. With its vast exclusive economic zone and potential for sustainable development, Kiribati has the opportunity to harness its natural resources and unique cultural heritage to build a more prosperous future for its people.

Environmental Issues and Challenges in Kiribati

Kiribati is one of the countries most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, particularly rising sea levels and extreme weather events. The low-lying nature of the islands makes them highly susceptible to coastal erosion and saltwater intrusion, threatening freshwater supplies and agricultural land. In recent years, the government has been working to implement adaptation measures such as shoreline protection and rainwater harvesting to mitigate these impacts.

However, the scale of the challenge is immense, requiring international cooperation and support to ensure the long-term survival of Kiribati. In addition to climate change, Kiribati also faces environmental challenges related to waste management and marine conservation. The rapid growth in population and urbanization has led to increased waste generation and pollution, putting pressure on limited land resources.

The government has been working to promote sustainable waste management practices and raise awareness about the importance of preserving the natural environment. Marine conservation is also a priority for Kiribati, with efforts being made to establish protected areas and sustainable fishing practices to safeguard the rich biodiversity of its waters.

Tourism and Attractions in Kiribati

Natural Wonders

The pristine beaches and crystal-clear waters surrounding the atolls are perfect for snorkelling, diving, and swimming. Visitors can also explore traditional I-Kiribati villages and experience local customs such as traditional dancing and weaving.

Rich History and Heritage

The country’s rich history is reflected in its numerous historical sites, including World War II relics and ancient stone structures. One of the most popular attractions in Kiribati is the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA), which is one of the largest marine protected areas in the world. PIPA is home to a diverse range of marine life, including sharks, turtles, and seabirds, making it a paradise for nature enthusiasts.

Must-see Destinations

The atoll of Kiritimati (Christmas Island) is another must-see destination in Kiribati, known for its stunning coral reefs and world-class fishing opportunities. With its unspoiled natural landscapes and vibrant cultural heritage, Kiribati offers a truly unique travel experience for those seeking adventure off the beaten path.

Future Prospects for Kiribati

The future prospects for Kiribati are deeply intertwined with its ability to address the challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation. The government has been working to develop long-term adaptation strategies that prioritize sustainable development and community resilience. International partnerships and support are crucial in helping Kiribati build its capacity to respond to these challenges effectively.

In addition to environmental concerns, there is also great potential for economic growth through sustainable tourism development and investment in renewable energy sources such as solar power. By harnessing its natural resources and cultural heritage, Kiribati has the opportunity to create a more prosperous future for its people while preserving its unique way of life. In conclusion, Kiribati is a small but remarkable nation facing significant challenges as it strives to protect its environment, culture, and way of life in the face of climate change.

By working together with international partners and harnessing its natural resources sustainably, Kiribati has the potential to build a more resilient future for its people while sharing its unique beauty with the world.

FAQs

What is Kiribati?

Kiribati is a sovereign state in the central Pacific Ocean. It is comprised of 33 atolls and reef islands, and one raised coral island, dispersed over 3.5 million square kilometers.

What is the capital of Kiribati?

The capital of Kiribati is South Tarawa, which is located in the Gilbert Islands.

What is the population of Kiribati?

As of 2021, the population of Kiribati is estimated to be around 120,000 people.

What is the official language of Kiribati?

The official languages of Kiribati are English and Gilbertese.

What is the climate like in Kiribati?

Kiribati has a tropical climate, with consistently high temperatures and humidity throughout the year. The islands are also vulnerable to rising sea levels and natural disasters due to climate change.

What is the economy of Kiribati based on?

The economy of Kiribati is primarily based on fishing and agriculture, with copra and fish being the main exports. Tourism is also a growing industry in the country.

What are some popular tourist attractions in Kiribati?

Some popular tourist attractions in Kiribati include the Phoenix Islands Protected Area, the World War II relics on Tarawa, and the traditional cultural events and dances.