South Korea
(Taehan Min’guk (Republic of Korea))






Capital: Seoul
Population (Estimated July 2012): 48,860,500
Area: 99,678 km2 or 38,486 mi2
Currency: (South Korean) won (W)
Official Language: Korean
Political Information: Presidential Republic
Official Religion: No Official Religion (approximately 26.3% of the population are Christian, 23.2% are Buddhist, 1.3% have other religious beliefs and 49.2 have no religious beliefs)
Highest Mountain: Hallasan at 1,950 m or 6,398 ft
GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a country’s economic power)
(Estimated 2011): $1.164 trillion (US$) or (GBP)
GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)
GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and the use of resources but is not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States)
(Estimated 2011): $1.549 trillion (US$) or (GBP)
GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): $31,700 (US$) or (GBP)
Time Zone (GMT/UTC): +9:00
Wildlife:
Counties/Provinces/States: 9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 7 metropolitan cities (gwangyoksi, singular and plural)
provinces: Chungbuk (North Chungcheong), Chungnam (South Chungcheong), Gangwon, Gyeonggi, Gyeongbuk (North Gyeongsang), Gyeongnam (South Gyeongsang), Jeju, Jeonbuk (North Jeolla), Jeonnam (South Jeolla)
metropolitan cities: Busan (Pusan), Daegu (Taegu), Daejon (Taejon), Gwangju (Kwangju), Incheon (Inch’on), Seoul, Ulsan
Leaders: President Lee Myung-bak with Prime Minister Kim Hwang-sik.
Additional: Gained independence from Japan on the 15th of August 1945.
Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.
South Korea
South Korea, officially known as the Republic of Korea, is a vibrant and dynamic country situated in East Asia. It shares its northern border with North Korea and is surrounded by the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. The capital city, Seoul, is a bustling metropolis renowned for its modern skyscrapers, high-tech underground railways, and popular culture.
South Korea boasts a rich history spanning thousands of years, and its culture is a unique blend of traditional customs and contemporary influences. The country is also well-known for its economic prowess, technological advancements, and flavoursome cuisine. With its stunning natural landscapes, ancient temples, and bustling cities, South Korea offers a diverse range of experiences for visitors.
South Korea is a country with a profound sense of national pride and a strong cultural identity. The people are known for their warmth and hospitality, and visitors are often struck by the juxtaposition of ancient traditions and cutting-edge technology. From the serene beauty of its countryside to the fast-paced energy of its urban centres, South Korea offers a wealth of experiences for travellers.
Whether one is exploring the historic palaces of Seoul, rambling in the picturesque mountains, or indulging in the country’s world-famous cuisine, South Korea has something to offer everyone. With its unique blend of tradition and modernity, South Korea is a country that continues to captivate and inspire visitors from around the world.
Summary
- South Korea is a vibrant and modern country located in East Asia, known for its rich history, technological advancements, and delicious cuisine.
- The history and culture of South Korea is deeply rooted in Confucianism, Buddhism, and traditional Korean customs, with a strong emphasis on family and respect for elders.
- South Korea has rapidly developed into a global economic powerhouse, with a strong focus on technology, innovation, and exports such as electronics, automobiles, and shipbuilding.
- South Korean cuisine is diverse and flavourful, with popular dishes like kimchi, bibimbap, and bulgogi, reflecting the country’s agricultural traditions and use of fermented ingredients.
- From the bustling city of Seoul to the serene beauty of Jeju Island, South Korea offers a wide range of tourist destinations, including historic landmarks, natural wonders, and modern entertainment districts.
History and Culture of South Korea
The Ancient Era
The peninsula’s early history is marked by the establishment of various kingdoms, including the Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla dynasties. These kingdoms played a significant role in shaping the region’s culture, politics, and economy.
The Division of the Peninsula
One of the most pivotal events in Korean history was the division of the peninsula into North and South Korea following the Second World War. This division was the result of the Allied powers’ decision to occupy the peninsula, with the Soviet Union controlling the north and the United States controlling the south.
Modern-Day South Korea
Today, South Korea is a thriving nation that has made significant strides in technology, economy, and culture. The country has transformed itself from one of the poorest nations in the world to a modern, industrialised economy, earning the nickname “Miracle on the Han River”.
The culture of South Korea is deeply rooted in Confucianism, which emphasises respect for elders, family values, and social harmony. This influence can be seen in various aspects of Korean life, including its hierarchical social structure, traditional ceremonies, and etiquette. South Korea is also known for its rich artistic traditions, including music, dance, and visual arts.
Traditional Korean music, known as “gugak,” features a wide range of instruments and vocal styles, while traditional dance forms such as “samul nori” and “fan dance” are still performed today. South Korea’s contemporary culture is also thriving, with a booming film industry, popular music scene, and a growing influence on global fashion and entertainment.
Economy and Technology in South Korea
South Korea has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past few decades, evolving from a war-torn nation to one of the world’s leading economies. The country’s rapid industrialisation and technological advancements have earned it the nickname “The Miracle on the Han River.” South Korea is home to some of the world’s largest multinational corporations, including Samsung, Hyundai, and LG, which have played a significant role in driving the country’s economic growth. The country is also a global leader in technology and innovation, with a strong focus on research and development in fields such as electronics, automotive engineering, and biotechnology.
The South Korean economy is driven by exports, particularly in the fields of electronics, automobiles, and shipbuilding. The country is also known for its strong emphasis on education and its highly skilled workforce. South Korea has one of the highest rates of tertiary education attainment in the world, with a strong focus on science and engineering.
The country’s commitment to innovation is evident in its investment in cutting-edge technologies such as 5G networks, artificial intelligence, and renewable energy. With its strong emphasis on innovation and entrepreneurship, South Korea continues to be a major player in the global economy.
South Korean Cuisine and Culinary Traditions
South Korean cuisine is renowned for its bold flavours, diverse ingredients, and emphasis on balance and harmony. Korean food is often characterised by its use of fermented ingredients such as kimchi (spicy fermented vegetables) and gochujang (fermented red chili paste), as well as its focus on fresh vegetables, rice, and meats. One of the most iconic Korean dishes is “bulgogi,” which consists of thinly sliced marinated beef that is grilled or stir-fried.
Another popular dish is “bibimbap,” which is a mixed rice bowl topped with an assortment of vegetables, meat, egg, and spicy sauce. Korean cuisine also places a strong emphasis on communal dining and sharing dishes with others. Meals are often accompanied by an array of side dishes known as “banchan,” which can include pickled vegetables, tofu, fish cakes, and more.
In addition to its savoury dishes, Korean cuisine also features a variety of sweet treats such as “tteok” (rice cakes) and “hoddeok” (sweet pancakes). With its emphasis on fresh ingredients, bold flavours, and communal dining traditions, Korean cuisine continues to captivate food lovers around the world.
Popular Tourist Destinations in South Korea
Historic Landmarks
One of the most iconic landmarks in South Korea is Gyeongbokgung Palace in Seoul, which was built in the 14th century during the Joseon Dynasty. The palace complex features beautiful architecture, expansive gardens, and traditional ceremonies such as the changing of the guard.
Natural Wonders
Another must-see destination is Jeju Island, a volcanic island known for its dramatic landscapes, pristine beaches, and unique lava tubes. For those interested in exploring South Korea’s natural beauty, Seoraksan National Park offers breathtaking mountain scenery, lush forests, and hiking trails for outdoor enthusiasts. The city of Busan is also a popular destination for its vibrant cultural scene, beautiful beaches, and bustling markets.
Modern Cities
In addition to its historic sites and natural wonders, South Korea is also known for its modern cities such as Seoul and Incheon, which offer world-class shopping, dining, and entertainment options. Whether you’re exploring ancient temples or enjoying the vibrant energy of its urban centres, South Korea offers something for every type of traveller.
Education and Healthcare in South Korea
South Korea places a strong emphasis on education and has one of the highest rates of tertiary education attainment in the world. The country’s education system is highly competitive, with a strong focus on academic achievement and rigorous testing. Students typically attend school six days a week and often participate in additional after-school tutoring programs known as “hagwons.” South Korea’s commitment to education has led to high levels of literacy and a well-educated workforce that has contributed to the country’s economic success.
In addition to its focus on education, South Korea also has a comprehensive healthcare system that provides universal coverage for its citizens. The country has made significant investments in healthcare infrastructure and technology, leading to high-quality medical care that is accessible to all residents. South Korea is also known for its advanced medical research and treatment facilities in fields such as plastic surgery, dermatology, and stem cell therapy.
With its strong emphasis on education and healthcare, South Korea continues to be a leader in providing quality services for its citizens.
The Future of South Korea
As South Korea continues to evolve and grow, it faces both opportunities and challenges in shaping its future. The country’s economy remains strong, driven by innovation and technological advancements that have positioned it as a global leader in various industries. However, South Korea also faces social issues such as an ageing population and income inequality that will require careful planning and policy initiatives to address.
In terms of technology, South Korea is poised to continue leading the way with advancements in areas such as artificial intelligence, renewable energy, and biotechnology. The country’s commitment to research and development will likely result in further breakthroughs that will benefit not only its own citizens but also have an impact on the global stage. In conclusion, South Korea is a country with a rich history, vibrant culture, strong economy, and exciting future prospects.
From its delicious cuisine to its stunning natural landscapes and modern cities, South Korea offers a wealth of experiences for visitors. With its commitment to education and healthcare, as well as its focus on innovation and technology, South Korea continues to be a dynamic nation that captivates people from around the world. As it looks towards the future, South Korea is poised to continue making significant contributions to various fields while preserving its unique cultural heritage.
FAQs
What is the capital of South Korea?
The capital of South Korea is Seoul.
What is the population of South Korea?
As of 2021, the population of South Korea is approximately 51 million people.
What is the official language of South Korea?
The official language of South Korea is Korean.
What is the currency used in South Korea?
The currency used in South Korea is the South Korean won (KRW).
What are some popular tourist attractions in South Korea?
Some popular tourist attractions in South Korea include Gyeongbokgung Palace, Bukchon Hanok Village, N Seoul Tower, and Jeju Island.
What is the climate like in South Korea?
South Korea has a temperate climate with four distinct seasons. Winters are cold and dry, while summers are hot and humid.
What are some traditional Korean dishes?
Some traditional Korean dishes include kimchi, bibimbap, bulgogi, and kimchi jjigae.
What are some major industries in South Korea?
Some major industries in South Korea include electronics, automotive, shipbuilding, and steel production.
What is the education system like in South Korea?
South Korea has a highly competitive education system, with a strong emphasis on academic achievement. It is known for its high-quality education and high levels of literacy.
Natural Resources of South Korea: Where Natural Resources are located In South Korea
South Korea, a nation situated in East Asia, is renowned for its dynamic culture, technological advancements and economic success. Despite its modest geographical size, South Korea possesses a wealth of natural resources that have been instrumental in its economic growth. The country’s natural resources can be broadly classified into mineral resources, forestry resources, agricultural resources, water resources and energy resources. These assets have been vital in supporting various industries and contributing to the overall expansion of the South Korean economy. However, the nation also confronts environmental challenges that necessitate conservation efforts to ensure the sustainable utilisation of its natural resources. The natural resources of South Korea have been pivotal in the country’s economic development and industrialisation. The government has implemented a range of policies and initiatives to manage and conserve these resources effectively. Despite facing environmental challenges, South Korea has achieved significant progress in promoting sustainable development and conservation efforts to safeguard its natural resources for future generations. Summary South Korea has limited natural resources, with a small land area and high population density. Mineral resources in South Korea include coal, tungsten, and graphite, but the country is heavily reliant on imports for most of its mineral needs. Forest resources in South Korea are limited, with only 64% of the land covered by forests, leading to concerns about deforestation and habitat loss. Agricultural resources in South Korea are important for the country’s food security, with rice being the most important crop, but the sector faces challenges such as aging farmers and limited arable land. Water resources in South Korea are abundant, but the country faces challenges such as water...
Political Boundaries of South Korea: Provinces, Districts, or Historical Boundaries.
South Korea, officially known as the Republic of Korea, is a country situated in East Asia. It shares its northern border with North Korea and is surrounded by the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. The political boundaries of South Korea are delineated by its 17 provinces and 6 metropolitan cities, each possessing distinct characteristics and governance structures. Comprehending the political boundaries of South Korea is essential for understanding the country’s administrative divisions, historical significance and the impact of these boundaries on governance and development. South Korea’s political boundaries are not merely geographical, but also cultural and historical. The nation’s rich history has shaped its current administrative divisions, and understanding these boundaries is crucial for grasping the complexities of South Korean society and governance. From the provinces to the districts, each political boundary plays a significant role in shaping the country’s political landscape. Summary South Korea is divided into 8 provinces and 1 special city, each with its own unique characteristics and governance structure. The country is further divided into 17 districts, each with its own local government and administrative functions. South Korea’s historical boundaries have been shaped by various conflicts and agreements, including the division of the Korean Peninsula after World War II. Over time, South Korea’s political boundaries have evolved through annexations, separations, and reorganizations, reflecting the country’s changing geopolitical landscape. Understanding South Korea’s political boundaries is crucial for comprehending the country’s governance structure and the distribution of power at the local and national levels. Provinces of South Korea Provincial Diversity and Significance Each province has its own unique culture, history, and economic significance, and understanding...
Cultural or Historical Sites of South Korea: Important Cultural Landmarks or Historical Sites in South Korea
South Korea boasts a rich cultural and historical heritage, with numerous sites showcasing its vibrant past and traditions. From ancient palaces to tranquil temples, from verdant natural landscapes to poignant reminders of the country’s turbulent history, South Korea offers a diverse array of attractions for visitors to explore. Each site narrates a unique story, reflecting the country’s resilience, creativity and deeply rooted traditions. Whether one is a history enthusiast, a nature lover or simply someone who appreciates the beauty of art and architecture, South Korea has something to offer for all. The country’s cultural and historical sites are not only crucial for preserving its heritage but also for educating future generations about the rich tapestry of its past. These sites serve as a bridge between the past and present, allowing visitors to gain a deeper understanding of South Korea’s history, culture and values. As we examine some of South Korea’s most iconic cultural and historical sites, we shall uncover the stories behind these treasures and gain insight into the country’s fascinating heritage. Summary South Korea is home to a rich cultural and historical heritage, with a variety of sites that showcase its unique traditions and history. Gyeongbokgung Palace stands as a symbol of Korean royalty and tradition, offering visitors a glimpse into the country’s regal past. Bulguksa Temple is a stunning Buddhist masterpiece, known for its intricate architecture and serene surroundings. Jeju Island, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, boasts a blend of cultural and natural landscapes, making it a must-visit destination in South Korea. The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) serves as a poignant symbol of division and hope in Korean...
Climate Zones Of South Korea: Different climate regions Of South Korea
South Korea possesses a varied climate, encompassing temperate conditions in the northern regions and subtropical characteristics in the south. The nation’s distinctive topography, featuring mountainous terrain and coastal proximity, contributes significantly to the diverse climatic patterns observed across the country. A comprehensive understanding of South Korea‘s climate zones is crucial for prospective visitors and residents alike, as it profoundly influences the available activities and lifestyle options in each area. The country’s climatic diversity affords opportunities for winter sports such as skiing in colder regions, whilst coastal areas provide suitable conditions for summer beach holidays. This range of climatic experiences renders South Korea an appealing destination for those keen to explore its multifaceted environmental conditions. Summary South Korea has diverse climate zones, ranging from temperate in the north to subtropical in the south. The north experiences cold winters and hot summers, with distinct seasonal changes. The central region has milder temperatures and less extreme weather compared to the north and south. The south has a subtropical climate with hot and humid summers and mild winters. Monsoons play a significant role in South Korea’s climate, bringing heavy rainfall and influencing the country’s weather patterns. The Temperate Climate of the North Seasonal Variations The winters in the north are cold and dry, with temperatures frequently plummeting below freezing and occasional snowfall. In contrast, the summer months are warm and humid, with temperatures soaring into the high 20s and low 30s degrees Celsius. Influence on Lifestyle and Economy The temperate climate of the north is influenced by its proximity to the Asian continent, which brings cold air masses in the winter and warm...
History of South Korea
South Korea, officially known as the Republic of Korea, possesses a rich and ancient history spanning thousands of years. The Korean Peninsula has been inhabited since the Lower Palaeolithic period, with evidence of human presence dating back to approximately 700,000 BCE. Early Korean peoples were renowned for their advanced agricultural practices, bronze technology, and distinctive pottery styles. The ancient kingdom of Gojoseon, purportedly founded in 2333 BCE, is regarded as the first state-level society in Korean history. Over the centuries, various kingdoms and dynasties emerged on the peninsula, including Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla. These kingdoms played a pivotal role in shaping the culture, language, and traditions of the Korean people. The Silla Kingdom, in particular, is notable for its advancements in art, architecture, and Buddhism. During the early history of South Korea, the Korean Peninsula was significantly influenced by its geographical location between China and Japan. This led to the adoption of Chinese writing systems, Confucianism, and Buddhism in Korea. The peninsula also experienced periods of conflict and invasion from neighbouring powers, including the Mongols and Manchus. Despite these challenges, Korea developed a unique cultural identity and a strong sense of national pride. The early history of South Korea established the foundation for the rich and diverse heritage that continues to define the country today. Summary South Korea has a long history dating back to ancient times, with early kingdoms such as Gojoseon and Goguryeo shaping its early history. The Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945 had a significant impact on the country, leading to cultural suppression and forced labour. The division of Korea after World War...
Terrain and Topography of South Korea: mountains, valleys, and plains.
South Korea, situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, is renowned for its varied and picturesque terrain. The topography of South Korea is characterised by its mountainous landscape, deep valleys, undulating plains and striking coastal regions. The country’s terrain has played a crucial role in moulding its culture, society and economy. Encompassing a land area of approximately 100,000 square kilometres, South Korea boasts a wide array of natural landscapes that have served as both a wellspring of inspiration and a challenge for its inhabitants. From the lofty peaks of the Taebaek and Sobaek mountain ranges to the fertile plains of the west coast, South Korea’s terrain stands as a testament to the country’s natural splendour and geographical diversity. Summary South Korea’s terrain is diverse, with mountainous regions, valleys, basins, plains, and coastal areas. The mountainous landscape of South Korea is dominated by the Taebaek and Sobaek mountain ranges, which have a significant impact on the country’s climate and biodiversity. The valleys and basins of South Korea are important agricultural and residential areas, providing fertile land for farming and settlements. The plains and coastal areas of South Korea are densely populated and are key locations for industrial and urban development. The terrain and topography of South Korea have shaped the country’s culture, society, and economy, influencing everything from traditional architecture to outdoor recreational activities. The Mountainous Landscape of South Korea The Impact on Culture and Society The mountainous terrain has influenced the development of South Korean culture and society, as it has provided a source of livelihood for many communities through agriculture, forestry, and tourism. The mountains also serve...
Population Density of South Korea
South Korea is a small country situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, with a population exceeding 51 million people. Despite its relatively modest size, South Korea boasts one of the highest population densities globally, with an average of 527 people per square kilometre. The population density is particularly pronounced in urban areas such as Seoul, the capital city, and its surrounding metropolitan area. This high population density has significant implications for the country’s infrastructure, urbanisation, and overall quality of life for its citizens. The high population density in South Korea stems from various factors, including historical, geographical, and economic reasons. The country’s extensive history of agricultural development and limited arable land has led to a concentration of people in certain areas. Moreover, rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in the 20th century have further contributed to the clustering of people in urban centres. This has resulted in a high demand for housing, transport, and other infrastructure, leading to challenges in managing the population density effectively. Understanding the factors contributing to high population density is crucial for addressing the challenges it presents and planning for sustainable development in South Korea. Summary South Korea has one of the highest population densities in the world, with over 500 people per square kilometer. Factors contributing to high population density in South Korea include limited land availability, urbanization, and a high standard of living. Urbanization has led to a concentration of the population in major cities, resulting in uneven population distribution across the country. High population density in South Korea has put a strain on infrastructure, leading to challenges in transportation, housing, and public...
Discovering the Rich Culture and Cuisine of South Korea: A Journey Through the Land of the Morning Calm
South Korea, officially known as the Republic of Korea, is a vibrant and dynamic country located in East Asia. It is known for its rich history, vibrant culture, delicious cuisine, and stunning natural beauty. South Korea is often referred to as the “Land of the Morning Calm” due to its serene and peaceful atmosphere. The name “Land of the Morning Calm” originated from the Joseon Dynasty, which ruled Korea from 1392 to 1897. During this time, Korea was often referred to as “Chosun,” which means “morning calm” in Korean. The name was given to reflect the country’s peaceful and tranquil nature. Today, South Korea is a thriving and modern nation that has made significant advancements in technology, entertainment, and economy. It is home to bustling cities like Seoul and Busan, as well as beautiful natural landscapes such as national parks, mountains, and beaches. Whether you are interested in exploring ancient palaces, indulging in delicious street food, or experiencing the excitement of K-pop music, South Korea has something for everyone. Summary South Korea is known as the Land of the Morning Calm. South Korea has a rich history that dates back to ancient times. South Korea’s culture is vibrant and includes art, music, and dance. South Korean cuisine ranges from street food to fine dining. South Korea has many festivals and celebrations that showcase its colourful traditions. A Brief History of South Korea: From Ancient Times to Modern Day South Korea has a long and fascinating history that dates back thousands of years. The earliest known civilization in the Korean Peninsula can be traced back to the Neolithic period around...
Discovering the Beauty and Culture of South Korea: A British Traveller’s Journey
South Korea, a country known for its rich cultural heritage, vibrant cities, and stunning natural landscapes, has always been on my travel bucket list. Last year, I finally had the opportunity to embark on a journey to this fascinating country. In this blog post, I will share my personal experience of traveling to South Korea and explore the various aspects that make it such a captivating destination. Summary South Korea has a rich cultural heritage that is reflected in its art, architecture, and traditions. The bustling cities of Seoul and Busan offer a vibrant and exciting atmosphere for visitors to explore. South Korea’s natural landscapes are breathtakingly beautiful, with mountains, beaches, and forests to discover. The cuisine of South Korea is delicious and varied, with a focus on fresh ingredients and bold flavors. Traditional Korean tea culture is an important part of the country’s history and is still celebrated today. The Rich Cultural Heritage of South Korea South Korea has a long and storied history that dates back thousands of years. From the ancient kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla to the more recent Joseon Dynasty, the country’s history is deeply intertwined with its cultural heritage. Traditional customs and practices are still very much alive in South Korea today. One of the most iconic aspects of Korean culture is the hanbok, the traditional Korean clothing. The hanbok is characterized by its vibrant colors and elegant design, and it is often worn during special occasions such as weddings and festivals. Another important aspect of Korean culture is the emphasis on respect for elders and ancestors. This can be seen in...