Capital of Comoros: Moroni

Population (Estimated July 2012): 737,284

Area: 1,862 km² or 719 mi²

Currency: Comorian franc (CF)

Official Language: Comorian (Shikomor); Arabic; French

Political Information: Federal Republic

Official Religion: Islam
(approximately 98% of the population are Sunni Muslim and 2% are Roman Catholic)

Highest Mountain: Karthala on

GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a countries economic power)

(Estimated 2011): $600 million (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)

 

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and use of resources but not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States) 

 (Estimated 2011): $816 million (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): $1,200 (US$) or (GBP)

Time Zone (GMT/UTC):  +3:00

 

Wildlife:

 

 

Counties/Provinces/States: 3 islands and 4 municipalities*; Grande Comore (N’gazidja), Anjouan (Ndzuwani), Domoni*, Fomboni*, Moheli (Mwali), Moroni*, Moutsamoudou*

 

Leaders: Ikililou Dhoinine as President with Fouad Mohadji, Mohamed Ali Soilih and Nourdine Bourhane as Vice President.

 

Additional: Independence from France on the 6^th of July 1975.

Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Comoros

Comoros, officially known as the Union of the Comoros, is a small island nation located in the Indian Ocean off the eastern coast of Africa. It is composed of four main islands: Grande Comore, Mohéli, Anjouan, and Mayotte. The country has a total land area of approximately 2,235 square kilometres, making it one of the smallest countries in Africa.

Despite its small size, Comoros has a rich history and culture that is influenced by various African, Arab, and French traditions. The country is known for its stunning natural beauty, including pristine beaches, lush forests, and vibrant coral reefs. Comoros also faces numerous challenges, including political instability and economic struggles. However, it has great potential for growth in sectors such as tourism and agriculture.

History of Comoros: From Arab Traders to French Colonization

Comoros has a long and complex history that dates back to ancient times. The islands were first settled by Bantu-speaking people around the 6th century AD. In the 10th century, Arab traders arrived in Comoros and introduced Islam to the islands. The Arab influence can still be seen today in the architecture, language, and religion of the Comorian people.

In the 16th century, Portuguese explorers arrived in Comoros and established trade relations with the local population. However, their presence was short-lived as they were soon driven out by Arab forces. In the 19th century, France began to exert its influence over the islands and eventually colonized them in 1886.

During the colonial period, France introduced a plantation economy based on cash crops such as vanilla and cloves. The local population was subjected to forced labour and heavy taxation. In 1975, Comoros gained independence from France, but the country has since experienced political instability and several coups.

Geography of Comoros: Volcanic Islands and Tropical Climate

Comoros is made up of four main islands, each with its own unique geography and landscape. Grande Comore, also known as Ngazidja, is the largest and most populous island. It is characterized by its volcanic peaks, including Mount Karthala, which is an active volcano. Mohéli is the smallest of the four islands and is known for its pristine beaches and coral reefs.

Anjouan, also known as Nzwani, is known for its lush forests and mountainous terrain. It is home to Mount Ntringui, another active volcano. Mayotte, which is geographically part of the Comoros archipelago, remains under French administration and has a different political status from the other three islands.

Comoros has a tropical climate with two distinct seasons: a hot and rainy season from November to April, and a cooler and drier season from May to October. The islands receive a significant amount of rainfall, which contributes to their lush vegetation and fertile soil. However, they are also prone to cyclones and other natural disasters.

Culture and Society of Comoros: A Blend of African, Arab and French Influences

Comoros is a melting pot of different cultures and traditions due to its location at the crossroads of Africa, the Arab world, and Europe. The Comorian people are descended from a mix of African Bantu tribes, Arab traders, and French colonizers. This diverse heritage is reflected in the country’s language, music, dance, art, and cuisine.

Traditional Comorian music is characterized by its rhythmic beats and melodic tunes. The most popular instrument is the “gambusi,” a stringed instrument similar to a guitar. Traditional dances are an important part of Comorian culture and are often performed during weddings, religious ceremonies, and other festive occasions.

Comorian art is known for its intricate wood carvings, pottery, and woven textiles. The designs often feature geometric patterns and symbols that have cultural and religious significance. Comorian cuisine is a fusion of African, Arab, and French influences, with dishes such as pilao (a spiced rice dish), mataba (a spinach and coconut milk dish), and samoussa (a fried pastry filled with meat or vegetables).

Family and social structures in Comoros are based on strong kinship ties and Islamic traditions. The extended family plays a central role in the lives of Comorian people, providing support and assistance in times of need. Respect for elders and communal values are highly valued in Comorian society.

Languages Spoken in Comoros: Comorian, French and Arabic

Comoros is a multilingual country with three official languages: Comorian, French, and Arabic. Comorian is the most widely spoken language and has several dialects depending on the island. It is a Bantu language with Arabic loanwords due to the historical influence of Arab traders.

French is also widely spoken, especially in urban areas and among the educated population. It is the language of instruction in schools and is used in government, business, and the media. Arabic is primarily used for religious purposes and is taught in Islamic schools.

Language plays a crucial role in Comorian culture as it is a means of preserving traditions, transmitting knowledge, and fostering a sense of identity. Efforts have been made to promote the use of Comorian languages in schools and to preserve indigenous languages through cultural programs and initiatives.

Economy of Comoros: Agriculture, Fishing and Tourism

The economy of Comoros is primarily based on agriculture, fishing, and remittances from overseas workers. Agriculture accounts for a significant portion of the country’s GDP and employs a large portion of the population. The main agricultural products include vanilla, cloves, ylang-ylang, and coconuts.

Fishing is also an important sector, with Comoros having a rich marine ecosystem and abundant fish stocks. The country exports fish and seafood products to neighbouring countries and beyond. However, the fishing industry faces challenges such as overfishing and illegal fishing practices.

Tourism has the potential to be a major source of revenue for Comoros due to its natural beauty and cultural heritage. The country offers pristine beaches, coral reefs, hiking trails, and cultural festivals that attract visitors from around the world. However, the tourism industry is still underdeveloped and faces challenges such as limited infrastructure, political instability, and lack of marketing.

Politics and Government of Comoros: A Federal Presidential Republic

Comoros is a federal presidential republic with a multi-party system. The President is both the head of state and the head of government. The country is divided into three autonomous islands: Grande Comore, Anjouan, and Mohéli. Each island has its own president and legislature, while Mayotte remains under French administration.

Comoros has experienced political instability since gaining independence in 1975. The country has witnessed several coups and attempted coups, resulting in frequent changes in government and periods of political unrest. The political situation has improved in recent years with the establishment of a power-sharing agreement between the three islands.

Challenges facing the government include addressing corruption, improving governance, promoting economic development, and maintaining stability among the different islands. Efforts have been made to strengthen democratic institutions, promote transparency, and attract foreign investment.

Education and Healthcare in Comoros: Challenges and Progress

Education in Comoros faces numerous challenges including limited access to quality education, high dropout rates, lack of infrastructure, and shortage of qualified teachers. The literacy rate in Comoros is relatively low compared to other countries in the region. Efforts have been made to improve access to education and enhance the quality of teaching through initiatives such as teacher training programs and the construction of new schools.

Healthcare in Comoros also faces challenges such as limited access to healthcare facilities, shortage of medical personnel, and inadequate funding. The country has made progress in improving healthcare services, particularly in maternal and child health. However, more needs to be done to address the high prevalence of communicable diseases such as malaria and HIV/AIDS.

Efforts have been made to improve education and healthcare in Comoros through partnerships with international organizations and donor countries. These initiatives aim to strengthen the capacity of the education and healthcare systems, improve infrastructure, and provide training for medical professionals.

Natural Wonders of Comoros: Coral Reefs, Marine Life and Endemic Species

Comoros is home to a diverse range of natural wonders, including pristine coral reefs, abundant marine life, and endemic species. The country’s coral reefs are considered some of the most biodiverse in the world, with a wide variety of coral species and marine organisms.

The waters surrounding Comoros are teeming with marine life, including dolphins, whales, sea turtles, and a variety of fish species. The islands are also an important breeding ground for seabirds such as frigatebirds and terns.

Comoros is known for its unique flora and fauna, with many species found only on the islands. The country has several endemic bird species, including the Comoro blue pigeon and the Karthala scops owl. The forests of Mohéli are home to the endangered Livingstone’s fruit bat.

Conservation efforts are crucial for preserving the natural wonders of Comoros. Several marine protected areas have been established to protect coral reefs and marine biodiversity. Efforts are also underway to protect and restore forests, promote sustainable fishing practices, and raise awareness about the importance of conservation.

Tourism in Comoros: Beaches, Hiking Trails and Cultural Festivals

Comoros has great potential for tourism due to its stunning natural beauty, cultural heritage, and unique attractions. The country offers pristine beaches with crystal-clear waters, perfect for swimming, snorkeling, and diving. The coral reefs surrounding the islands are a paradise for underwater enthusiasts.

Hiking trails can be found on all four islands, offering breathtaking views of volcanic peaks, lush forests, and cascading waterfalls. Mount Karthala on Grande Comore is a popular destination for hikers, offering a challenging climb and panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.

Comoros is also known for its vibrant cultural festivals and events. The Mwali Festival in Mohéli celebrates the island’s cultural heritage through traditional music, dance, and food. The Festival of the Sea in Anjouan showcases the island’s fishing traditions with boat races and seafood feasts.

However, the tourism industry in Comoros is still underdeveloped and faces challenges such as limited infrastructure, political instability, and lack of marketing. Efforts are being made to promote Comoros as a tourist destination through initiatives such as improved air connectivity, investment in tourism infrastructure, and marketing campaigns.

Conclusion: Recap of the main points and the potential for Comoros to develop its economy and tourism industry while preserving its unique culture and natural wonders.

Comoros is a small island nation in the Indian Ocean with a rich history, diverse culture, and stunning natural beauty. Despite its challenges, including political instability and economic struggles, the country has great potential for growth in sectors such as tourism and agriculture.

The unique geography of Comoros, with its volcanic islands and tropical climate, offers a range of natural wonders including pristine beaches, coral reefs, and lush forests. The country’s culture and society are a blend of African, Arab, and French influences, reflected in its language, music, dance, art, and cuisine.

Comoros faces challenges in education and healthcare, but efforts are being made to improve access and quality in these areas. Conservation efforts are crucial for preserving the country’s unique natural features and promoting sustainable tourism.

With the right investments and policies, Comoros has the potential to develop its economy and tourism industry while preserving its unique culture and natural wonders. The country’s stunning landscapes, vibrant culture, and warm hospitality make it a hidden gem waiting to be discovered by travellers from around the world.

FAQs

 

What is Comoros?

Comoros is a small island nation located in the Indian Ocean, off the eastern coast of Africa.

What is the capital of Comoros?

The capital of Comoros is Moroni.

What is the population of Comoros?

As of 2021, the estimated population of Comoros is around 869,601.

What is the official language of Comoros?

The official languages of Comoros are Comorian, French, and Arabic.

What is the currency of Comoros?

The currency of Comoros is the Comorian franc.

What is the religion of Comoros?

The majority of the population in Comoros is Muslim.

What is the economy of Comoros based on?

The economy of Comoros is primarily based on agriculture, fishing, and tourism.

What is the climate like in Comoros?

Comoros has a tropical climate with two seasons: a hot and humid rainy season from November to April, and a cooler and drier season from May to October.

What is the geography of Comoros like?

Comoros is made up of four main islands: Grande Comore, Mohéli, Anjouan, and Mayotte. The islands are volcanic in origin and have mountainous terrain.