Capital: Rangoon (Yangon)
Note: Nay Pyi Taw is the administrative capital

Population (Estimated July 2012): 54,584,650

Area: 676,577km² or 261,228mi²

Currency: Myanmar Kyat (K)

Official Language: Myanmar (Burmese)

Political Information: Presidential Republic

Official Religion: No Official Religion
(approximately 89% of the population is Buddhist, 4% is Christian, 4% is Muslim, 1% is Animist and 2% follow other faiths).

Highest Mountain: Hkakabo Razi at 5,881m or 19,295ft

GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a country’s economic power)

(Estimated 2011): $50.2 billion (US$) or £30,120 million (GBP)

GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and the use of resources but not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States) 

(Estimated 2011): $82.72 billion (US$) or £49,632 million (GBP)

GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): $1,300 (US$) or £780 (GBP)

Time Zone (GMT/UTC): +6:30

Wildlife:

  

Counties/Provinces/States: 7 regions (taing-myar, singular – taing) and 7 states (pyi ne-myar, singular – pyi ne)

regions: Ayeyarwady, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing, Tanintharyi, Yangon

states: Chin, Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Mon, Rakhine (Arakan), Shan

Leaders: President Thein Sein with Vice Presidents Sai Mouk Kham.

Additional: Gained independence from the U.K. on the 4^th of January 1948.

Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Myanmar

Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, is a Southeast Asian nation bordered by India and Bangladesh to the west, China to the north and northeast, Laos and Thailand to the east, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to the south. The country boasts a rich history and diverse culture, influenced by neighbouring countries and its own unique traditions. Myanmar’s stunning landscapes, ancient temples, and vibrant cities attract tourists from across the globe.

With a population exceeding 54 million, the majority of Myanmar’s inhabitants are of Bamar ethnicity. The country is home to various ethnic groups, including the Shan, Karen, Rakhine, and Chin, each possessing distinct languages, traditions, and customs. Burmese is the official language, and Theravada Buddhism is the predominant religion.

Myanmar’s complex history encompasses periods of colonial rule, military dictatorship, and political unrest. In recent years, the country has experienced significant political and social changes, rendering it a subject of considerable interest and study.

Summary

• Myanmar, also known as Burma, is a diverse and culturally rich country located in Southeast Asia.
• The history and culture of Myanmar is influenced by its long-standing Buddhist traditions and the impact of British colonial rule.
• Myanmar’s geography is characterized by its lush forests, mountain ranges, and the Irrawaddy River, while its climate is tropical with a monsoon season from May to October.
• The economy of Myanmar is primarily based on agriculture, natural resources, and manufacturing, with a growing focus on tourism and foreign investment.
• Myanmar’s political landscape has been shaped by decades of military rule, but recent democratic reforms have led to a more open and inclusive government.
• Myanmar’s tourism industry is growing rapidly, with attractions such as the ancient city of Bagan, the Shwedagon Pagoda, and the beautiful beaches of Ngapali drawing visitors from around the world.
• The future prospects for Myanmar are promising, with ongoing efforts to improve infrastructure, promote sustainable development, and strengthen international relations.

 

History and Culture of Myanmar

 

A Turbulent Past

In the 19th century, Myanmar was colonised by the British Empire, and it remained under British rule until it gained independence in 1948. The country then experienced decades of military dictatorship and political turmoil, before transitioning to a civilian government in 2011.

A Cultural Melting Pot

Myanmar’s culture is a blend of various influences, including Indian, Chinese, and Southeast Asian traditions. The country is known for its vibrant festivals, traditional music and dance, and exquisite handicrafts.

A Land of Ancient Wonders

Myanmar is also famous for its ancient temples and pagodas, particularly in the city of Bagan, where thousands of temples dot the landscape. The people of Myanmar are known for their warm hospitality and strong sense of community, and visitors to the country often remark on the friendliness and generosity of the local people.

Geography and Climate of Myanmar

Myanmar is a diverse country with a varied landscape that includes mountains, plains, rivers, and coastline. The country is home to several major rivers, including the Irrawaddy and the Salween, which are important for transportation, agriculture, and industry. The northern part of Myanmar is dominated by the Shan Plateau, while the central region is characterised by fertile plains and river valleys.

The southern part of the country is bordered by the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, and it is home to beautiful beaches and coastal areas. Myanmar has a tropical monsoon climate, with three distinct seasons: hot season (March to May), rainy season (June to October), and cool season (November to February). The country experiences heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, particularly in the coastal regions and mountainous areas.

The central plains can become very hot during the dry season, with temperatures reaching over 40 degrees Celsius. The diverse geography and climate of Myanmar make it an ideal destination for outdoor enthusiasts, with opportunities for trekking, river cruises, beach holidays, and wildlife spotting.

Economy and Industry in Myanmar

Myanmar’s economy is one of the fastest-growing in Southeast Asia, with a focus on agriculture, manufacturing, and natural resources. The country is rich in natural assets such as jade, gems, timber, and minerals, which have historically been important sources of revenue. In recent years, Myanmar has also seen significant growth in industries such as tourism, telecommunications, and construction.

The government has implemented economic reforms to attract foreign investment and promote sustainable development. Agriculture is a major sector of the economy in Myanmar, with rice being the most important crop. Other key agricultural products include pulses, beans, oilseeds, and rubber.

The manufacturing industry is also growing rapidly, with a focus on textiles, garments, food processing, and construction materials. Myanmar’s strategic location between India and China makes it an important hub for trade and commerce in the region. The government has also prioritised infrastructure development to improve transportation networks and energy supply.

Politics and Government in Myanmar

Myanmar has undergone significant political changes in recent years, transitioning from military rule to a civilian government led by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi. The country’s political landscape is complex, with power shared between civilian leaders and the military. The government has made efforts to promote democracy, human rights, and reconciliation among ethnic groups.

However, Myanmar still faces challenges such as corruption, ethnic conflict, and religious tensions. The military plays a significant role in Myanmar’s politics and governance, with control over key ministries and a guaranteed number of seats in parliament. The country has made progress in terms of media freedom and civil liberties, but there are ongoing concerns about censorship and restrictions on freedom of expression.

The international community has called for continued reforms in Myanmar to ensure greater transparency, accountability, and inclusivity in the political process.

Tourism and Attractions in Myanmar

Exploring Myanmar’s Iconic Landmarks

Other popular attractions include the Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon, the floating gardens of Inle Lake, and the golden rock at Kyaiktiyo.

Outdoor Pursuits and Cultural Experiences

Myanmar also offers opportunities for trekking in the mountains of Shan State, river cruises along the Irrawaddy River, and beach holidays in Ngapali. The people of Myanmar are known for their warm hospitality and rich cultural traditions. Visitors can experience traditional music and dance performances, explore local markets selling handicrafts and textiles, and sample delicious Burmese cuisine.

A Unique Travel Experience

The country’s diverse landscapes provide opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, birdwatching, diving, and wildlife spotting. With its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning scenery, Myanmar offers a truly unique travel experience for those seeking an authentic and immersive adventure.

Future Prospects for Myanmar

Myanmar has great potential for economic growth and development in the coming years. The government has implemented policies to attract foreign investment, promote sustainable development, and improve infrastructure. The country’s strategic location in Southeast Asia makes it an important player in regional trade and commerce.

With its rich natural resources and diverse cultural heritage, Myanmar has opportunities to further develop industries such as tourism, agriculture, manufacturing, and technology. However, Myanmar also faces challenges such as poverty, inequality, environmental degradation, and social unrest. The government will need to address issues such as land rights, ethnic conflict, corruption, and human rights abuses to ensure long-term stability and prosperity.

International cooperation and support will be crucial in helping Myanmar navigate its transition towards a more open society with greater political freedoms and economic opportunities. With continued reforms and investment in key sectors such as education, healthcare, infrastructure, and governance, Myanmar has the potential to become a leading economy in Southeast Asia while preserving its unique cultural heritage. In conclusion, Myanmar is a country with a rich history, diverse culture, stunning landscapes, and exciting prospects for the future.

Visitors to Myanmar can explore ancient temples, experience traditional customs, enjoy outdoor adventures, and witness a nation undergoing significant social and political changes. With its warm hospitality and unique charm, Myanmar offers an unforgettable travel experience that will leave a lasting impression on anyone who visits this captivating country in Southeast Asia.

FAQs

 

What is Myanmar?

Myanmar, also known as Burma, is a country located in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Laos, and Thailand.

What is the capital of Myanmar?

The capital city of Myanmar is Naypyidaw, which replaced Yangon as the capital in 2005.

What is the population of Myanmar?

As of 2021, the population of Myanmar is estimated to be around 54 million people.

What is the official language of Myanmar?

The official language of Myanmar is Burmese. There are also several other ethnic languages spoken throughout the country.

What is the currency of Myanmar?

The currency of Myanmar is the Burmese kyat (MMK).

What is the climate like in Myanmar?

Myanmar has a tropical monsoon climate, with three distinct seasons: hot season (March to May), rainy season (June to October), and cool season (November to February).

What are the major religions in Myanmar?

The major religions in Myanmar are Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. Buddhism is the most widely practiced religion in the country.

What are some popular tourist attractions in Myanmar?

Some popular tourist attractions in Myanmar include the ancient city of Bagan, the Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon, the floating gardens of Inle Lake, and the golden rock of Kyaiktiyo.

What is the political situation in Myanmar?

Myanmar has experienced political unrest and military rule for many years. In February 2021, a military coup took place, leading to widespread protests and international condemnation.