Capital: Jakarta

Population (Estimated July 2012): 248,216,193

Area: 1,910,931 km² or 737,815 mi²

Currency: Rupiah (Rp)

Official Language: Indonesian

Political Information: Unitary Presidential Constitutional Republic

Official Religion: No Official Religion (approximately 86.1% of the population are Muslim, 5.7% are Protestant, 3% Roman Catholic, 1.8% are Hindu and 3.4% have other religious beliefs)

Highest Mountain: Puncak Jaya at 4,884m or 16,024ft

GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a countries economic power)

(Estimated 2011): $834.3 billion (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP)

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and use of resources but is not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States) 

(Estimated 2011): $1.121 trillion (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): $4,700 (US$) or (GBP)

Time Zone (GMT/UTC): Between +7:00 and +9:00

 Wildlife:

Counties/Provinces/States: 30 provinces (provinsi-provinsi, singular – provinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular – daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat (West Java), Jawa Tengah (Central Java), Jawa Timur (East Java), Kalimantan Barat (West Kalimantan), Kalimantan Selatan (South Kalimantan), Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan), Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan), Kepulauan Bangka Belitung (Bangka Belitung Islands), Kepulauan Riau (Riau Islands), Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara (North Maluku), Nusa Tenggara Barat (West Nusa Tenggara), Nusa Tenggara Timur (East Nusa Tenggara), Papua, Papua Barat (West Papua), Riau, Sulawesi Barat (West Sulawesi), Sulawesi Selatan (South Sulawesi), Sulawesi Tengah (Central Sulawesi), Sulawesi Tenggara (Southeast Sulawesi), Sulawesi Utara (North Sulawesi), Sumatera Barat (West Sumatra), Sumatera Selatan (South Sumatra), Sumatera Utara (North Sumatra), Yogyakarta*

Leaders: President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono with Vice President Boediono.

Additional: Gained Independence from the Netherlands on the 27^th of December 1949.

Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Indonesia

Indonesia, officially known as the Republic of Indonesia, is a vast and diverse archipelago nation located in Southeast Asia. It is the world’s largest island country, comprising more than 17,000 islands, with a population of over 270 million people, making it the fourth most populous country in the world. The capital city of Indonesia is Jakarta, which is not only the largest city in the country but also the most populous city in Southeast Asia. Indonesia is known for its rich cultural heritage, stunning natural landscapes, and diverse wildlife. The country is also famous for its vibrant arts and traditions, including traditional dance, music, and crafts. With its unique blend of cultures, languages, and religions, Indonesia is a truly fascinating and diverse nation.

Geography and Climate of Indonesia

Indonesia is located between the Indian and Pacific Oceans and spans two continents, Asia and Australia. The country’s geography is incredibly diverse, with a wide range of landscapes including tropical rainforests, mountains, and beautiful beaches. Indonesia is home to some of the world’s most famous natural wonders, such as the island of Bali, known for its stunning beaches and vibrant coral reefs. The country also boasts a number of active volcanoes, including Mount Bromo and Mount Krakatoa. The climate in Indonesia is predominantly tropical, with high levels of humidity and rainfall throughout the year. The country experiences two main seasons: the wet season, which runs from November to March, and the dry season, which runs from April to October. Due to its location along the equator, Indonesia experiences relatively consistent temperatures year-round, with average temperatures ranging from 25°C to 30°C.

History and Culture of Indonesia

Indonesia has a rich and diverse history that dates back thousands of years. The country has been influenced by various cultures and civilizations, including Indian, Chinese, Arab, and European influences. The indigenous cultures of Indonesia have also played a significant role in shaping the country’s unique identity. The history of Indonesia is marked by the rise and fall of several powerful kingdoms, such as the Srivijaya and Majapahit empires. In the 16th century, Indonesia became a major trading hub for spices and other valuable commodities, attracting European powers such as the Dutch and Portuguese. This period of colonization had a lasting impact on Indonesia’s culture and society. Today, Indonesia is a melting pot of different ethnicities, languages, and religions. The country’s official language is Bahasa Indonesia, but there are also hundreds of regional languages spoken throughout the archipelago. Indonesia is predominantly Muslim, but it is also home to significant populations of Christians, Hindus, Buddhists, and other religious groups. The cultural diversity of Indonesia is reflected in its arts, music, dance, and cuisine, which vary widely from region to region.

Economy and Industry in Indonesia

Indonesia has one of the largest and fastest-growing economies in Southeast Asia. The country’s economy is diverse and encompasses various industries such as agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and tourism. Indonesia is rich in natural resources, including coal, natural gas, palm oil, and rubber, which are major contributors to the country’s economy. Agriculture plays a significant role in Indonesia’s economy, with the country being one of the world’s leading producers of rice, palm oil, and rubber. In recent years, Indonesia has also seen rapid growth in its manufacturing sector, particularly in textiles, electronics, and automotive industries. The tourism industry is also a major contributor to Indonesia’s economy, with millions of visitors flocking to the country each year to experience its natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. However, despite its economic growth, Indonesia still faces challenges such as income inequality, poverty, and infrastructure development.

Tourism in Indonesia

Indonesia is a popular tourist destination known for its stunning natural landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and warm hospitality. The country offers a wide range of attractions for visitors, from pristine beaches and lush rainforests to ancient temples and vibrant cities. One of the most famous tourist destinations in Indonesia is the island of Bali, which is renowned for its beautiful beaches, vibrant nightlife, and rich Hindu culture. Other popular destinations include the ancient Buddhist temple of Borobudur, the volcanic landscapes of Mount Bromo and Lake Toba, and the vibrant capital city of Jakarta. Indonesia also offers excellent opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, diving, snorkelling, and surfing. The country’s diverse wildlife and marine life make it a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers. With its warm climate and friendly locals, Indonesia is a truly enchanting destination for travellers from around the world.

Political Landscape of Indonesia

Indonesia is a unitary presidential republic with a political system based on a multi-party democracy. The President of Indonesia serves as both the head of state and government and is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The country’s political landscape has been shaped by a history of colonialism, dictatorship, and political reform. Since gaining independence from Dutch colonial rule in 1945, Indonesia has made significant strides towards establishing a stable and democratic government. However, the country still faces challenges such as corruption, political instability, and regional separatism. The Indonesian government has made efforts to promote decentralisation and empower local governments to address regional issues. Despite these challenges, Indonesia has made significant progress in strengthening its democratic institutions and promoting political stability.

Challenges and Opportunities for Indonesia’s Future

Indonesia faces a number of challenges as it seeks to further develop its economy and society. One of the key challenges is addressing income inequality and poverty, particularly in rural areas where access to education and healthcare is limited. The country also faces environmental challenges such as deforestation, pollution, and natural disasters due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire. However, Indonesia also has significant opportunities for growth and development. The country’s young and growing population presents a valuable workforce for future economic growth. Additionally, Indonesia’s strategic location in Southeast Asia makes it an important player in regional politics and trade. The government has also made efforts to attract foreign investment and promote sustainable development initiatives. With its rich natural resources, diverse culture, and strategic position in the region, Indonesia has the potential to become a major player in the global economy in the coming years.

In conclusion, Indonesia is a fascinating and diverse nation with a rich history, vibrant culture, and promising future. The country’s stunning natural landscapes, diverse wildlife, and warm hospitality make it a popular destination for travellers from around the world. Despite facing challenges such as poverty and environmental issues, Indonesia has made significant progress in strengthening its democratic institutions and promoting economic growth. With its young population and strategic location in Southeast Asia, Indonesia has the potential to become a major player in the global economy in the years to come.

FAQs

What is the population of Indonesia?

The population of Indonesia is approximately 270 million people, making it the fourth most populous country in the world.

What is the capital city of Indonesia?

The capital city of Indonesia is Jakarta, which is located on the island of Java.

What is the official language of Indonesia?

The official language of Indonesia is Indonesian, which is based on the Malay language.

What is the currency of Indonesia?

The official currency of Indonesia is the Indonesian Rupiah (IDR).

What are the main religions in Indonesia?

The main religions in Indonesia are Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism. Islam is the most widely practiced religion in the country.

What are the main natural resources of Indonesia?

Indonesia is rich in natural resources, including coal, natural gas, tin, copper, and gold. It is also one of the world’s leading producers of palm oil.

What are the popular tourist attractions in Indonesia?

Popular tourist attractions in Indonesia include Bali, with its beautiful beaches and vibrant culture, the ancient temples of Borobudur and Prambanan, and the natural beauty of Komodo National Park.

What is the climate like in Indonesia?

Indonesia has a tropical climate, with high temperatures and humidity throughout the year. The country experiences a wet season from November to March and a dry season from April to October.