Capital: Skopje

Population (Estimated July 2012): 2,082,370

Area: 25,713 km² or 9,928 mi²

Currency: Macedonian Denar (MKD)

Official Language: Macedonian and Albanian

Political Information: Parliamentary Republic

Official Religion: No Official Religion
(approximately 64.7% of the population are Macedonian Orthodox, 33.3% are Muslim and 2% have other religious beliefs)

Highest Mountain: Mount Korab at 2,764m or 9,068ft

GDP Official Exchange Rate (OER is more precise at gauging a country’s economic power)

(Estimated 2011): $9.8 billion (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (OER) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): (US$) or (GBP) 

GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP is good for gauging living conditions and the use of resources but is not as accurate as OER. This data has been calculated based on the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States) 

 (Estimated 2011): $21.39 billion (US$) or (GBP)

GDP (PPP) Per Capita (per member of the population estimated 2011): $10,400 (US$) or (GBP)

Time Zone (GMT/UTC): +1:00

Wildlife:  

Counties/Provinces/States: 84 municipalities (opstini, singular – opstina); Aerodrom (Skopje), Aracinovo, Berovo, Bitola, Bogdanci, Bogovinje, Bosilovo, Brvenica, Butel (Skopje), Cair (Skopje), Caska, Centar (Skopje), Centar Zupa, Cesinovo, Cucer Sandevo, Debar, Debarca, Delcevo, Demir Hisar, Demir Kapija, Dojran, Dolneni, Dorce Petrov (Gjorce Petrov) (Skopje), Drugovo, Gazi Baba (Skopje), Gevgelija, Gostivar, Gradsko, Ilinden, Jegunovce, Karbinci, Karpos (Skopje), Kavadarci, Kicevo, Kisela Voda (Skopje), Kocani, Konce, Kratovo, Kriva Palanka, Krivogastani, Krusevo, Kumanovo, Lipkovo, Lozovo, Makedonska Kamenica, Makedonski Brod, Mavrovo i Rostusa, Mogila, Negotino, Novaci, Novo Selo, Ohrid, Oslomej, Pehcevo, Petrovec, Plasnica, Prilep, Probistip, Radovis, Rankovce, Resen, Rosoman, Saraj (Skopje), Sopiste, Staro Nagoricane, Stip, Struga, Strumica, Studenicani, Suto Orizari (Skopje), Sveti Nikole, Tearce, Tetovo, Valandovo, Vasilevo, Veles, Vevcani, Vinica, Vranestica, Vrapciste, Zajas, Zelenikovo, Zelino, Zrnovci

Leaders: President Gjorge Ivanov and Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski.

Additional: National Day is celebrated on the 8^th of September commemorating the day in 1991 when a referendum called for independence from Yugoslavia.

Sources: CIA World Fact Book, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

North Macedonia

North Macedonia, formerly known as the Republic of Macedonia, is a landlocked country situated in the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It shares borders with Kosovo to the northwest, Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south, and Albania to the west. Skopje serves as the capital and largest city, functioning as the political, cultural, and economic centre of the country.

The official language is Macedonian, and the national currency is the Macedonian denar. North Macedonia boasts a rich history and cultural heritage, influenced by various civilisations and empires that have left their mark on the region. The country gained independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 and has since been working towards establishing a stable and prosperous nation.

North Macedonia is a diverse country with a population of approximately 2 million inhabitants. The majority of the population is ethnically Macedonian, with significant minority groups including Albanians, Turks, Roma, and Serbs. The country exhibits a blend of traditional and modern influences, with a strong sense of national identity.

North Macedonia is renowned for its hospitality, cuisine, and folklore traditions. The country offers a wealth of natural beauty, historical sites, and cultural experiences, making it an increasingly popular destination for tourists seeking to explore the lesser-known regions of the Balkans.

Summary

• North Macedonia is a small, landlocked country in the Balkan Peninsula, known for its rich history and diverse culture.
• The history of North Macedonia is marked by influences from ancient civilizations, including the Greeks, Romans, and Ottomans, which have shaped its unique cultural identity.
• North Macedonia’s geography is characterized by mountainous terrain, with a diverse climate ranging from Mediterranean to continental, offering a variety of natural landscapes.
• The economy of North Macedonia is primarily based on agriculture, manufacturing, and services, with a focus on industries such as food processing, textiles, and automotive production.
• North Macedonian cuisine is a blend of Mediterranean and Balkan flavours, with traditional dishes like Tavče Gravče and Ajvar, reflecting the country’s culinary heritage.

History and Culture of North Macedonia

Ancient Roots

One of the most famous historical figures associated with North Macedonia is Alexander the Great, who was born in the ancient city of Pella, which is now part of modern-day Greece but was once part of the ancient Macedonian kingdom.

Cultural Heritage

The culture of North Macedonia is a blend of traditional customs and modern influences. The country is known for its vibrant music and dance traditions, with folk music and traditional dances playing a significant role in local celebrations and festivals. North Macedonia is also famous for its handicrafts, including intricate embroidery, woodcarving, and pottery.

Cuisine and Wine

The cuisine of North Macedonia is diverse and delicious, with influences from Mediterranean, Turkish, and Balkan cuisines. Traditional dishes include kebabs, burek (a flaky pastry filled with meat or cheese), ajvar (a roasted red pepper spread), and tavche gravche (baked beans). North Macedonia also has a strong tradition of winemaking, with several local varieties that are popular both domestically and internationally.

Geography and Climate of North Macedonia

North Macedonia is a landlocked country with diverse geography that includes mountains, valleys, rivers, and lakes. The country is home to three major mountain ranges: the Šar Mountains, the Osogovo-Belasica range, and the Jakupica-Korab range. The highest peak in North Macedonia is Mount Korab, which stands at 2,764 meters (9,068 feet) above sea level.

The country is also home to several rivers, including the Vardar, Treska, Crna, and Bregalnica rivers, which provide water for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The climate of North Macedonia varies depending on the region, with a continental climate in the interior and a Mediterranean climate in the southern regions. Summers are hot and dry, with temperatures often reaching over 30°C (86°F), while winters are cold and snowy, with temperatures dropping below freezing.

The country experiences four distinct seasons, with spring and autumn being particularly beautiful times to visit due to the blooming flowers and changing foliage. North Macedonia is also known for its stunning lakes, including Lake Ohrid and Lake Prespa, which are popular tourist destinations known for their crystal-clear waters and picturesque surroundings.

Economy and Industry in North Macedonia

The economy of North Macedonia is considered a developing economy with a mix of agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors. The country has made significant progress in transitioning from a centrally planned economy to a market-based economy since gaining independence in 1991. The government has implemented various economic reforms to attract foreign investment and promote private sector growth.

North Macedonia has also made efforts to integrate into the global economy by joining international organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) and signing trade agreements with other countries. The manufacturing sector plays a significant role in the economy of North Macedonia, with industries such as food processing, textiles, automotive parts, and electronics being major contributors to GDP. The country also has a growing services sector, including tourism, information technology (IT), finance, and telecommunications.

Agriculture remains an important part of the economy, with products such as grapes, tobacco, wheat, and vegetables being key exports. North Macedonia has also been investing in renewable energy sources such as hydropower and solar energy to reduce its dependence on imported fossil fuels.

Cuisine and Traditions of North Macedonia

The cuisine of North Macedonia is a reflection of its diverse cultural influences and rich agricultural heritage. Traditional Macedonian dishes are hearty and flavourful, often featuring fresh vegetables, meats, cheeses, and breads. One of the most iconic dishes is tavče gravče, a baked bean casserole that is often flavoured with paprika and served with crusty bread.

Another popular dish is ajvar, a roasted red pepper spread that is enjoyed as a condiment or dip. Macedonian cuisine also features a variety of grilled meats such as kebabs and pljeskavica (a type of burger), often served with fresh salads and yogurt-based sauces. In addition to its delicious cuisine, North Macedonia has a rich tradition of folklore and customs that are celebrated through music, dance, and festivals.

Traditional Macedonian music often features instruments such as the gaida (bagpipe), zurla (wooden flute), and tapan (drum), creating lively rhythms that accompany traditional dances. Festivals such as Ilinden (celebrated on August 2nd) and Vevčani Carnival (held in January) are important cultural events that showcase traditional costumes, music performances, and local crafts. These traditions are an integral part of Macedonian identity and are passed down through generations as a way of preserving the country’s unique cultural heritage.

Tourism and Attractions in North Macedonia

Natural Wonders

One of the most famous attractions is Lake Ohrid, a UNESCO World Heritage site renowned for its crystal-clear waters and ancient churches. The town of Ohrid itself is steeped in history, with well-preserved medieval architecture and charming cobblestone streets that make it a popular destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

Historical Landmarks

Another must-see destination is Matka Canyon, located just outside Skopje, which offers stunning views of rugged cliffs, caves, and the Treska River. For history buffs, North Macedonia boasts an array of archaeological sites dating back to ancient times. The ancient city of Stobi features well-preserved Roman ruins including an amphitheatre, basilicas, and mosaics that provide insight into the region’s rich history.

Urban Delights and National Parks

The capital city of Skopje is also home to several historical landmarks such as the Old Bazaar, Stone Bridge, and Kale Fortress that offer a glimpse into the country’s past. Additionally, North Macedonia has several national parks such as Mavrovo National Park and Pelister National Park that are ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and wildlife spotting.

Future of North Macedonia

The future of North Macedonia holds promise as the country continues to make strides towards economic development, political stability, and international integration. The government has been working on implementing reforms to improve governance, strengthen the rule of law, and combat corruption in order to create a more transparent and business-friendly environment. Efforts to attract foreign investment have been ongoing through initiatives such as tax incentives for businesses and improvements in infrastructure.

In addition to economic development, North Macedonia has been working towards strengthening its ties with other countries through diplomacy and international cooperation. The country’s accession to NATO in 2020 was a significant milestone that demonstrated its commitment to regional security and stability. Furthermore, North Macedonia has been seeking membership in the European Union (EU) as part of its long-term goal to integrate into the European community.

Overall, North Macedonia’s future looks bright as it continues to build on its rich cultural heritage while embracing modernization and progress. With its stunning landscapes, historical treasures, and warm hospitality, North Macedonia is poised to become an increasingly popular destination for travellers seeking authentic experiences in the heart of the Balkans. As the country continues to develop its economy and infrastructure while preserving its unique traditions and natural beauty, it is sure to captivate visitors from around the world for years to come.

FAQs

What is the official name of the country?

The official name of the country is the Republic of North Macedonia.

What is the capital city of North Macedonia?

The capital city of North Macedonia is Skopje.

What is the population of North Macedonia?

As of 2021, the population of North Macedonia is estimated to be around 2.083 million people.

What is the official language of North Macedonia?

The official language of North Macedonia is Macedonian.

What is the currency used in North Macedonia?

The currency used in North Macedonia is the Macedonian denar (MKD).

What are some popular tourist attractions in North Macedonia?

Some popular tourist attractions in North Macedonia include Lake Ohrid, Matka Canyon, Skopje Old Bazaar, and the Millennium Cross.

What are the major industries in North Macedonia?

The major industries in North Macedonia include manufacturing, agriculture, mining, and tourism.

Is North Macedonia a member of the European Union?

As of 2021, North Macedonia is not a member of the European Union, but it is a candidate country for EU membership.